version 8.17

* NEWS: Record release date.

.gitignore

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 *.[EIOX]
 *.bak
 *.o
+*.trs
 */.deps
 *~
 ._bootmp
@@ -18,11 +19,14 @@
 /build-aux/.gitignore
 /build-aux/compile
 /build-aux/config.guess
+/build-aux/config.rpath
 /build-aux/config.sub
 /build-aux/depcomp
 /build-aux/install-sh
 /build-aux/mdate-sh
 /build-aux/missing
+/build-aux/snippet/
+/build-aux/test-driver
 /build-aux/texinfo.tex
 /build-aux/ylwrap
 /config.cache
@@ -36,6 +40,7 @@
 /gnulib-tests
 /lib/.cvsignore
 /lib/.gitignore
+/lib/alloca.h
 /lib/arg-nonnull.h
 /lib/arpa
 /lib/binary-io.h
@@ -44,20 +49,85 @@
 /lib/config.h
 /lib/config.hin
 /lib/configmake.h
+/lib/ctype.h
+/lib/dirent.h
+/lib/fcntl.h
+/lib/getopt.h
 /lib/glthread
+/lib/iconv.h
+/lib/iconv_open-aix.h
+/lib/iconv_open-hpux.h
+/lib/iconv_open-irix.h
+/lib/iconv_open-osf.h
+/lib/iconv_open-solaris.h
+/lib/inttypes.h
+/lib/langinfo.h
 /lib/libcoreutils.a
 /lib/link-warning.h
+/lib/locale.h
+/lib/math.h
+/lib/netdb.h
+/lib/parse-datetime.c
 /lib/printf.c
 /lib/progname.c
 /lib/progname.h
+/lib/ref-add.sed
+/lib/ref-del.sed
 /lib/selinux
+/lib/signal.h
 /lib/stamp-h1
+/lib/stdalign.h
+/lib/stdio.h
+/lib/stdlib.h
+/lib/string.h
+/lib/strings.h
+/lib/sys/
+/lib/termios.h
+/lib/time.h
+/lib/unistd.h
 /lib/unistr
+/lib/unistr.h
+/lib/unitypes.h
 /lib/uniwidth
+/lib/uniwidth.h
 /lib/unused-parameter.h
 /lib/warn-on-use.h
+/lib/wchar.h
+/lib/wctype.h
 /m4/.cvsignore
 /m4/.gitignore
+/m4/codeset.m4
+/m4/fcntl-o.m4
+/m4/gettext.m4
+/m4/glibc2.m4
+/m4/glibc21.m4
+/m4/gnulib-cache.m4
+/m4/iconv.m4
+/m4/intdiv0.m4
+/m4/intl.m4
+/m4/intldir.m4
+/m4/intlmacosx.m4
+/m4/intmax.m4
+/m4/inttypes-pri.m4
+/m4/inttypes_h.m4
+/m4/lcmessage.m4
+/m4/lib-ld.m4
+/m4/lib-link.m4
+/m4/lib-prefix.m4
+/m4/lock.m4
+/m4/longlong.m4
+/m4/nls.m4
+/m4/po.m4
+/m4/printf-posix.m4
+/m4/progtest.m4
+/m4/size_max.m4
+/m4/stdint_h.m4
+/m4/threadlib.m4
+/m4/uintmax_t.m4
+/m4/visibility.m4
+/m4/wchar_t.m4
+/m4/wint_t.m4
+/m4/xsize.m4
 /maint.mk
 /man/*.1
 /po/*.gmo
@@ -66,10 +136,20 @@
 /po/.reference
 /po/LINGUAS
 /po/Makefile.in
+/po/Makefile.in.in
 /po/Makevars
+/po/Makevars.template
 /po/POTFILES
+/po/Rules-quot
+/po/boldquot.sed
 /po/checksums
 /po/coreutils.pot
+/po/en@boldquot.header
+/po/en@quot.header
+/po/insert-header.sin
+/po/quot.sed
+/po/remove-potcdate.sed
+/po/remove-potcdate.sin
 /po/stamp-po
 /src/version.c
 /src/version.h

.prev-version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-8.12
+8.16

.vg-suppressions

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Suppress valgrind diagnostics we don't care about.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2003-2004, 2006-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

AUTHORS

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ printf: David MacKenzie
 ptx: François Pinard
 pwd: Jim Meyering
 readlink: Dmitry V. Levin
+realpath: Pádraig Brady
 rm: Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Richard M. Stallman, Jim Meyering
 rmdir: David MacKenzie
 runcon: Russell Coker

ChangeLog-2005

@@ -1206,7 +1206,7 @@
 	* tests/Coreutils.pm: New keywords, ENV and ENV_DEL, to support
 	tests/misc/date.
 
-	With todays additions, the generated shell script,
+	With today's additions, the generated shell script,
 	tests/date/date-tests had becoming far too large (over 350KB),
 	so use the superior-but-perl-requiring framework instead.
 	* tests/date/Test.pm: Move all tests from here...
@@ -11609,7 +11609,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2002-2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

ChangeLog-2006

@@ -4033,7 +4033,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

ChangeLog-2007

@@ -3262,7 +3262,7 @@
 
 	rm without -f: give a better diagnostic when euidaccess fails.
 	* src/remove.c (write_protected_non_symlink): Return int, not bool,
-	so that we can indicate failure too (as a postive error number).
+	so that we can indicate failure too (as a positive error number).
 	(prompt): If write_protected_non_symlink fails, report that error
 	number and fail rather than charging ahead and removing the dubious
 	entry.  Redo the logic of printing a diagnostic so that we need to
@@ -4015,7 +4015,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

ChangeLog-2008

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 	(errno_may_be_empty, ignorable_failure): New functions.
 	* src/remove.c (is_empty_dir): Move function to ...
 	* src/system.h (is_empty_dir): ...here, and make it inline.
-	Suggested by Josselin Mouette in <http://bugs.debian.org/363011>
+	Suggested by Josselin Mouette in <http://bugs.debian.org/350541>
 	via Bob Proulx.
 	* NEWS: Mention the improvement.
 
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2008-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

HACKING

@@ -232,6 +232,17 @@ Try to make the summary line fit one of the following forms:
   build: change-description
   maint: change-description
 
+If your commit fixes a bug, try to find the commit that introduced that
+bug.  If you do that, add a note in your new commit log saying something
+like "Introduced by commit v8.12-103-g54cbe6e." and add something like
+[bug introduced in coreutils-8.13] in the corresponding NEWS blurb.
+Assuming you found the bug in commit 54cbe6e6, "git describe 54cbe6e6"
+will print the longer tag-relative string that you'll need.
+Note that we used to use an 8-byte SHA1 prefix like "54cbe6e6", because
+that was automatically rendered as a clickable link by "gitk", but with
+git-1.7.10, the more descriptive version-containing "git describe" format
+that we now require is also highlighted.
+
 
 Curly braces: use judiciously
 =============================
@@ -603,11 +614,11 @@ Then just open the index.html file (in the generated lcov-html directory)
 in your favorite web browser.
 
 ========================================================================
-Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
 Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
-Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the ``GNU Free
-Documentation License'' file as part of this distribution.
+Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the "GNU Free
+Documentation License" file as part of this distribution.

Makefile.am

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Make coreutils.					-*-Makefile-*-
 
-# Copyright (C) 1990, 1993-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1990-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -66,11 +66,17 @@ ALL_RECURSIVE_TARGETS += check-root
 check-root:
 	cd tests && $(MAKE) $@ SUBDIRS=
 
+# Shortcut targets to make it easier to run (very) expensive tests.
+check-expensive:
+	$(MAKE) check RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes
+check-very-expensive:
+	$(MAKE) check-expensive RUN_VERY_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes
+
 # Just prior to distribution, ...
-# transform the automake-generated rule that runs `rm -f rm'.
+# transform the automake-generated rule that runs 'rm -f rm'.
 # On some systems, that command would fail with a diagnostic like
-# `rm: cannot unlink `rm': Text file busy' when `.' appears so early
-# in the shell's search path that running `rm' would run the `rm'
+# "rm: cannot unlink 'rm': Text file busy" when '.' appears so early
+# in the shell's search path that running 'rm' would run the 'rm'
 # executable in the current directory.
 # Similarly, adjust the clean-binPROGRAMS rule.
 rm_subst = \
@@ -93,6 +99,7 @@ gen_start_date = 2008-02-08
 gen-ChangeLog:
 	$(AM_V_GEN)if test -d .git; then				\
 	  $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/gitlog-to-changelog			\
+	    --amend=$(srcdir)/build-aux/git-log-fix			\
 	    --since=$(gen_start_date) > $(distdir)/cl-t;		\
 	  rm -f $(distdir)/ChangeLog;					\
 	  mv $(distdir)/cl-t $(distdir)/ChangeLog;			\
@@ -136,7 +143,7 @@ ASSORT = LC_ALL=C sort
 prologue = perl -ne '/^\#\#/ and exit; print' $(srcdir)/THANKS.in
 
 THANKS: THANKS.in Makefile.am .mailmap thanks-gen .version
-	$(AM_V_GEN)							\
+	$(AM_V_GEN)rm -f $@-t $@;					\
 	{								\
 	  $(prologue); echo;						\
 	  { perl -ne '/^$$/.../^$$/ and print' $(srcdir)/THANKS.in	\
@@ -147,4 +154,18 @@ THANKS: THANKS.in Makefile.am .mailmap thanks-gen .version
 	    | LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 sort -f;				\
 	  echo;								\
 	  printf ';; %s\n' 'Local Variables:' 'coding: utf-8' End:;	\
-	} > $@-t && mv $@-t $@
+	} > $@-t && chmod a-w $@-t && mv $@-t $@
+
+# Some of our git hook scripts are supposed to be identical to git's samples.
+# See if they are still in sync.
+.PHONY: check-git-hook-script-sync
+check-git-hook-script-sync:
+	@fail=0;							\
+	t=$$(mktemp -d)							\
+	  && cd $$t && git init -q && cd .git/hooks			\
+	  && for i in pre-commit pre-applypatch applypatch-msg; do	\
+	       diff $(abs_top_srcdir)/scripts/git-hooks/$$i $$i.sample	\
+		 || fail=1;						\
+	     done;							\
+	rm -rf $$t;							\
+	test $$fail = 0

NEWS

@@ -1,5 +1,221 @@
 GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
+* Noteworthy changes in release 8.17 (2012-05-10) [stable]
+
+** Bug fixes
+
+  id and groups, when invoked with no user name argument, would print
+  the default group ID listed in the password database, and sometimes
+  that ID would be neither real nor effective.  For example, when run
+  set-GID, or in a session for which the default group has just been
+  changed, the new group ID would be listed, even though it is not
+  yet effective. [bug introduced in coreutils-8.1]
+
+  cp S D is no longer subject to a race: if an existing D were removed
+  between the initial stat and subsequent open-without-O_CREATE, cp would
+  fail with a confusing diagnostic saying that the destination, D, was not
+  found.  Now, in this unusual case, it retries the open (but with O_CREATE),
+  and hence usually succeeds.  With NFS attribute caching, the condition
+  was particularly easy to trigger, since there, the removal of D could
+  precede the initial stat.  [This bug was present in "the beginning".]
+
+  split --number=C /dev/null no longer appears to infloop on GNU/Hurd
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.8]
+
+  stat no longer reports a negative file size as a huge positive number.
+  [bug present since 'stat' was introduced in fileutils-4.1.9]
+
+** New features
+
+  split and truncate now allow any seekable files in situations where
+  the file size is needed, instead of insisting on regular files.
+
+  fmt now accepts the --goal=WIDTH (-g) option.
+
+  stat -f recognizes new file system types: bdevfs, inodefs, qnx6
+
+** Changes in behavior
+
+  cp,mv,install,cat,split: now read and write a minimum of 64KiB at a time.
+  This was previously 32KiB and increasing to 64KiB was seen to increase
+  throughput by about 10% when reading cached files on 64 bit GNU/Linux.
+
+  cp --attributes-only no longer truncates any existing destination file,
+  allowing for more general copying of attributes from one file to another.
+
+
+* Noteworthy changes in release 8.16 (2012-03-26) [stable]
+
+** New features
+
+  As a GNU extension, 'chmod', 'mkdir', and 'install' now accept operators
+  '-', '+', '=' followed by octal modes; for example, 'chmod +40 FOO' enables
+  and 'chmod -40 FOO' disables FOO's group-read permissions.  Operator
+  numeric modes can be combined with symbolic modes by separating them with
+  commas; for example, =0,u+r clears all permissions except for enabling
+  user-read permissions.  Unlike ordinary numeric modes, operator numeric
+  modes do not preserve directory setuid and setgid bits; for example,
+  'chmod =0 FOO' clears all of FOO's permissions, including setuid and setgid.
+
+  Also, ordinary numeric modes with five or more digits no longer preserve
+  setuid and setgid bits, so that 'chmod 00755 FOO' now clears FOO's setuid
+  and setgid bits.  This allows scripts to be portable to other systems which
+  lack the GNU extension mentioned previously, and where ordinary numeric
+  modes do not preserve directory setuid and setgid bits.
+
+  dd now accepts the count_bytes, skip_bytes iflags and the seek_bytes
+  oflag, to more easily allow processing portions of a file.
+
+  dd now accepts the conv=sparse flag to attempt to create sparse
+  output, by seeking rather than writing to the output file.
+
+  ln now accepts the --relative option, to generate a relative
+  symbolic link to a target, irrespective of how the target is specified.
+
+  split now accepts an optional "from" argument to --numeric-suffixes,
+  which changes the start number from the default of 0.
+
+  split now accepts the --additional-suffix option, to append an
+  additional static suffix to output file names.
+
+  basename now supports the -a and -s options, which allow processing
+  of more than one argument at a time.  Also the complementary
+  -z option was added to delimit output items with the NUL character.
+
+  dirname now supports more than one argument.  Also the complementary
+  -z option was added to delimit output items with the NUL character.
+
+** Bug fixes
+
+  du --one-file-system (-x) would ignore any non-directory specified on
+  the command line.  For example, "touch f; du -x f" would print nothing.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.15]
+
+  mv now lets you move a symlink onto a same-inode destination file that
+  has two or more hard links.  Before, it would reject that, saying that
+  they are the same, implicitly warning you that the move would result in
+  data loss.  In this unusual case, when not moving the symlink onto its
+  referent, there is no risk of data loss, since the symlink will
+  typically still point to one of the hard links.
+
+  "mv A B" could succeed, yet A would remain.  This would happen only when
+  both A and B were hard links to the same symlink, and with a kernel for
+  which rename("A","B") does nothing and returns 0 (POSIX mandates this
+  surprising rename no-op behavior).  Now, mv handles this case by skipping
+  the usually-useless rename and simply unlinking A.
+
+  realpath no longer mishandles a root directory.  This was most
+  noticeable on platforms where // is a different directory than /,
+  but could also be observed with --relative-base=/ or
+  --relative-to=/.  [bug since the beginning, in 8.15]
+
+** Improvements
+
+  ls can be much more efficient, especially with large directories on file
+  systems for which getfilecon-, ACL-check- and XATTR-check-induced syscalls
+  fail with ENOTSUP or similar.
+
+  'realpath --relative-base=dir' in isolation now implies '--relative-to=dir'
+  instead of causing a usage failure.
+
+  split now supports an unlimited number of split files as default behavior.
+
+
+* Noteworthy changes in release 8.15 (2012-01-06) [stable]
+
+** New programs
+
+  realpath: print resolved file names.
+
+** Bug fixes
+
+  du -x no longer counts root directories of other file systems.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-5.1.0]
+
+  ls --color many-entry-directory was uninterruptible for too long
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-5.2.1]
+
+  ls's -k option no longer affects how ls -l outputs file sizes.
+  It now affects only the per-directory block counts written by -l,
+  and the sizes written by -s.  This is for compatibility with BSD
+  and with POSIX 2008.  Because -k is no longer equivalent to
+  --block-size=1KiB, a new long option --kibibyte stands for -k.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-4.5.4]
+
+  ls -l would leak a little memory (security context string) for each
+  nonempty directory listed on the command line, when using SELinux.
+  [bug probably introduced in coreutils-6.10 with SELinux support]
+
+  rm -rf DIR would fail with "Device or resource busy" on Cygwin with NWFS
+  and NcFsd file systems.  This did not affect Unix/Linux-based kernels.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.0, when rm began using fts]
+
+  split -n 1/2 FILE no longer fails when operating on a growing file, or
+  (on some systems) when operating on a non-regular file like /dev/zero.
+  It would report "/dev/zero: No such file or directory" even though
+  the file obviously exists.  Same for -n l/2.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.8, with the addition of the -n option]
+
+  stat -f now recognizes the FhGFS and PipeFS file system types.
+
+  tac no longer fails to handle two or more non-seekable inputs
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-5.3.0]
+
+  tail -f no longer tries to use inotify on GPFS or FhGFS file systems
+  [you might say this was introduced in coreutils-7.5, along with inotify
+   support, but the new magic numbers weren't in the usual places then.]
+
+** Changes in behavior
+
+  df avoids long UUID-including file system names in the default listing.
+  With recent enough kernel/tools, these long names would be used, pushing
+  second and subsequent columns far to the right.  Now, when a long name
+  refers to a symlink, and no file systems are specified, df prints the
+  usually-short referent instead.
+
+  tail -f now uses polling (not inotify) when any of its file arguments
+  resides on a file system of unknown type.  In addition, for each such
+  argument, tail -f prints a warning with the FS type magic number and a
+  request to report it to the bug-reporting address.
+
+
+* Noteworthy changes in release 8.14 (2011-10-12) [stable]
+
+** Bug fixes
+
+  ls --dereference no longer outputs erroneous "argetm" strings for
+  dangling symlinks when an 'ln=target' entry is in $LS_COLORS.
+  [bug introduced in fileutils-4.0]
+
+  ls -lL symlink once again properly prints "+" when the referent has an ACL.
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.13]
+
+  sort -g no longer infloops for certain inputs containing NaNs
+  [bug introduced in coreutils-8.5]
+
+** Improvements
+
+  md5sum --check now supports the -r format from the corresponding BSD tool.
+  This also affects sha1sum, sha224sum, sha384sum and sha512sum.
+
+  pwd now works also on systems without openat.  On such systems, pwd
+  would fail when run from a directory whose absolute name contained
+  more than PATH_MAX / 3 components.  The df, stat and readlink programs
+  are also affected due to their use of the canonicalize_* functions.
+
+** Changes in behavior
+
+  timeout now only processes the first signal received from the set
+  it is handling (SIGTERM, SIGINT, ...).  This is to support systems that
+  implicitly create threads for some timer functions (like GNU/kFreeBSD).
+
+** Build-related
+
+  "make dist" no longer builds .tar.gz files.
+  xz is portable enough and in wide-enough use that distributing
+  only .tar.xz files is enough.
+
+
 * Noteworthy changes in release 8.13 (2011-09-08) [stable]
 
 ** Bug fixes
@@ -91,7 +307,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   unsorted input, rather than e.g., "join: file 1 is not in sorted order".
 
   shuf outputs small subsets of large permutations much more efficiently.
-  For example `shuf -i1-$((2**32-1)) -n2` no longer exhausts memory.
+  For example 'shuf -i1-$((2**32-1)) -n2' no longer exhausts memory.
 
   stat -f now recognizes the GPFS, MQUEUE and PSTOREFS file system types.
 
@@ -696,7 +912,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   On Solaris 9, many commands would mistakenly treat file/ the same as
   file.  Now, even on such a system, path resolution obeys the POSIX
-  rules that a trailing slash ensures that the preceeding name is a
+  rules that a trailing slash ensures that the preceding name is a
   directory or a symlink to a directory.
 
 ** Changes in behavior
@@ -917,7 +1133,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 ** Changes in behavior
 
   shred, sort, shuf: now use an internal pseudorandom generator by default.
-  This is mainly noticable in shred where the 3 random passes it does by
+  This is mainly noticeable in shred where the 3 random passes it does by
   default should proceed at the speed of the disk.  Previously /dev/urandom
   was used if available, which is relatively slow on GNU/Linux systems.
 
@@ -938,7 +1154,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   df now pre-mounts automountable directories even with automounters for
   which stat-like syscalls no longer provoke mounting.  Now, df uses open.
 
-  `id -G $USER` now works correctly even on Darwin and NetBSD. Previously it
+  'id -G $USER' now works correctly even on Darwin and NetBSD. Previously it
   would either truncate the group list to 10, or go into an infinite loop,
   due to their non-standard getgrouplist implementations.
   [truncation introduced in coreutils-6.11]
@@ -1733,9 +1949,9 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   uses a relative file name.  This avoids some race conditions, but it
   means you may need to kill two processes to stop these programs.
 
-  rm now rejects attempts to remove the root directory, e.g., `rm -fr /'
+  rm now rejects attempts to remove the root directory, e.g., 'rm -fr /'
   now fails without removing anything.  Likewise for any file name with
-  a final `./' or `../' component.
+  a final './' or '../' component.
 
   tail now ignores the -f option if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, no file
   operand is given, and standard input is any FIFO; formerly it did
@@ -1817,23 +2033,23 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   chmod, install, and mkdir now preserve a directory's set-user-ID and
   set-group-ID bits unless you explicitly request otherwise.  E.g.,
-  `chmod 755 DIR' and `chmod u=rwx,go=rx DIR' now preserve DIR's
+  'chmod 755 DIR' and 'chmod u=rwx,go=rx DIR' now preserve DIR's
   set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits instead of clearing them, and
-  similarly for `mkdir -m 755 DIR' and `mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx DIR'.  To
+  similarly for 'mkdir -m 755 DIR' and 'mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx DIR'.  To
   clear the bits, mention them explicitly in a symbolic mode, e.g.,
-  `mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx,-s DIR'.  To set them, mention them explicitly
-  in either a symbolic or a numeric mode, e.g., `mkdir -m 2755 DIR',
-  `mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx,g+s' DIR.  This change is for convenience on
+  'mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx,-s DIR'.  To set them, mention them explicitly
+  in either a symbolic or a numeric mode, e.g., 'mkdir -m 2755 DIR',
+  'mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx,g+s' DIR.  This change is for convenience on
   systems where these bits inherit from parents.  Unfortunately other
   operating systems are not consistent here, and portable scripts
   cannot assume the bits are set, cleared, or preserved, even when the
-  bits are explicitly mentioned.  For example, OpenBSD 3.9 `mkdir -m
-  777 D' preserves D's setgid bit but `chmod 777 D' clears it.
-  Conversely, Solaris 10 `mkdir -m 777 D', `mkdir -m g-s D', and
-  `chmod 0777 D' all preserve D's setgid bit, and you must use
-  something like `chmod g-s D' to clear it.
+  bits are explicitly mentioned.  For example, OpenBSD 3.9 'mkdir -m
+  777 D' preserves D's setgid bit but 'chmod 777 D' clears it.
+  Conversely, Solaris 10 'mkdir -m 777 D', 'mkdir -m g-s D', and
+  'chmod 0777 D' all preserve D's setgid bit, and you must use
+  something like 'chmod g-s D' to clear it.
 
-  `cp --link --no-dereference' now works also on systems where the
+  'cp --link --no-dereference' now works also on systems where the
   link system call cannot create a hard link to a symbolic link.
   This change has no effect on systems with a Linux-based kernel.
 
@@ -1865,7 +2081,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   now checks for).
 
   install and mkdir now implement the X permission symbol correctly,
-  e.g., `mkdir -m a+X dir'; previously the X was ignored.
+  e.g., 'mkdir -m a+X dir'; previously the X was ignored.
 
   install now creates parent directories with mode u=rwx,go=rx (755)
   instead of using the mode specified by the -m option; and it does
@@ -1899,7 +2115,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
     seq defaults to a minimal fixed point format that does not lose
     information if seq's operands are all fixed point decimal numbers.
-    You no longer need the `-f%.f' in `seq -f%.f 1048575 1024 1050623',
+    You no longer need the '-f%.f' in 'seq -f%.f 1048575 1024 1050623',
     for example, since the default format now has the same effect.
 
     seq now lets you use %a, %A, %E, %F, and %G formats.
@@ -1980,7 +2196,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   shred and sort now accept the --random-source option.
 
-  sort now accepts the --random-sort (-R) option and `R' ordering option.
+  sort now accepts the --random-sort (-R) option and 'R' ordering option.
 
   sort now supports obsolete usages like "sort +1 -2" unless
   POSIXLY_CORRECT is set.  However, when conforming to POSIX
@@ -1997,7 +2213,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   cp -p would fail in a /proc-less chroot, on some systems
 
-  When `cp -RL' encounters the same directory more than once in the
+  When 'cp -RL' encounters the same directory more than once in the
   hierarchy beneath a single command-line argument, it no longer confuses
   them with hard-linked directories.
 
@@ -2059,11 +2275,11 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   du no longer overflows a counter when processing a file larger than
   2^31-1 on some 32-bit systems (at least some AIX 5.1 configurations).
 
-  md5sum once again defaults to using the ` ' non-binary marker
-  (rather than the `*' binary marker) by default on Unix-like systems.
+  md5sum once again defaults to using the ' ' non-binary marker
+  (rather than the '*' binary marker) by default on Unix-like systems.
 
   mkdir -p and install -d no longer exit nonzero when asked to create
-  a directory like `nonexistent/.'
+  a directory like 'nonexistent/.'
 
   rm emits a better diagnostic when (without -r) it fails to remove
   a directory on e.g., Solaris 9/10 systems.
@@ -2108,7 +2324,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 ** Deprecated options
 
   Using ls, du, or df with the --kilobytes option now evokes a warning
-  that the long-named option is deprecated.  Use `-k' instead.
+  that the long-named option is deprecated.  Use '-k' instead.
 
   du's long-named --megabytes option now evokes a warning.
   Use -m instead.
@@ -2116,7 +2332,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 * Major changes in release 5.90 (2005-09-29) [unstable]
 
-** Bring back support for `head -NUM', `tail -NUM', etc. even when
+** Bring back support for 'head -NUM', 'tail -NUM', etc. even when
   conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001.  The following changes apply only
   when conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001; there is no effect when
   conforming to older POSIX versions.
@@ -2139,9 +2355,9 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   The following usages no longer work, due to the above changes:
 
-    date -I TIMESPEC  (use `date -ITIMESPEC' instead)
-    od -w WIDTH       (use `od -wWIDTH' instead)
-    pr -S STRING      (use `pr -SSTRING' instead)
+    date -I TIMESPEC  (use 'date -ITIMESPEC' instead)
+    od -w WIDTH       (use 'od -wWIDTH' instead)
+    pr -S STRING      (use 'pr -SSTRING' instead)
 
   A few usages still have behavior that depends on which POSIX standard is
   being conformed to, and portable applications should beware these
@@ -2271,7 +2487,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   "mkdir -m =+x dir" no longer ignores the umask when evaluating "+x",
   and similarly for mkfifo and mknod.
 
-  "mkdir -p /tmp/a/b dir" no longer attempts to create the `.'-relative
+  "mkdir -p /tmp/a/b dir" no longer attempts to create the '.'-relative
   directory, dir (in /tmp/a), when, after creating /tmp/a/b, it is unable
   to return to its initial working directory.  Similarly for "install -D
   file /tmp/a/b/file".
@@ -2293,7 +2509,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   nice now works on Darwin 7.7.0 in spite of its invalid definition of NZERO.
 
-  `rm -r' can remove all entries in a directory even when it is on a
+  'rm -r' can remove all entries in a directory even when it is on a
   file system for which readdir is buggy and that was not checked by
   coreutils' old configure-time run-test.
 
@@ -2429,7 +2645,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   pathchk no longer accepts trailing options, e.g., "pathchk -p foo -b"
   now treats -b as a file name to check, not as an invalid option.
 
-  `pr --columns=N' was not equivalent to `pr -N' when also using
+  'pr --columns=N' was not equivalent to 'pr -N' when also using
   either -s or -w.
 
   pr now supports page numbers up to 2**64 on most hosts, and it
@@ -2513,11 +2729,11 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 ** New features
 
-  For efficiency, `sort -m' no longer copies input to a temporary file
+  For efficiency, 'sort -m' no longer copies input to a temporary file
   merely because the input happens to come from a pipe.  As a result,
-  some relatively-contrived examples like `cat F | sort -m -o F - G'
-  are no longer safe, as `sort' might start writing F before `cat' is
-  done reading it.  This problem cannot occur unless `-m' is used.
+  some relatively-contrived examples like 'cat F | sort -m -o F - G'
+  are no longer safe, as 'sort' might start writing F before 'cat' is
+  done reading it.  This problem cannot occur unless '-m' is used.
 
   When outside the default POSIX locale, the 'who' and 'pinky'
   commands now output time stamps like "2004-06-21 13:09" instead of
@@ -2561,7 +2777,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   stty now provides support (iutf8) for setting UTF-8 input mode.
 
   With stat, a specified format is no longer automatically newline terminated.
-  If you want a newline at the end of your output, append `\n' to the format
+  If you want a newline at the end of your output, append '\n' to the format
   string.
 
   'df', 'du', and 'ls' now take the default block size from the
@@ -2577,12 +2793,12 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   Date syntax as used by date -d, date -f, and touch -d has been
   changed as follows:
 
-    Dates like `January 32' with out-of-range components are now rejected.
+    Dates like 'January 32' with out-of-range components are now rejected.
 
     Dates can have fractional time stamps like 2004-02-27 14:19:13.489392193.
 
     Dates can be entered via integer counts of seconds since 1970 when
-    prefixed by `@'.  For example, `@321' represents 1970-01-01 00:05:21 UTC.
+    prefixed by '@'.  For example, '@321' represents 1970-01-01 00:05:21 UTC.
 
     Time zone corrections can now separate hours and minutes with a colon,
     and can follow standard abbreviations like "UTC".  For example,
@@ -2594,7 +2810,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
       TZ="America/New_York" date --date='TZ="Europe/Paris" 2004-10-31 06:30'
 
-  `date' has a new option --iso-8601=ns that outputs
+  'date' has a new option --iso-8601=ns that outputs
   nanosecond-resolution time stamps.
 
   echo -e '\xHH' now outputs a byte whose hexadecimal value is HH,
@@ -2616,10 +2832,10 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
     printf supports \u, \U, \x.
     tail supports two or more files when using the obsolete option syntax.
 
-  The usual `--' operand is now supported by chroot, hostid, hostname,
+  The usual '--' operand is now supported by chroot, hostid, hostname,
   pwd, sync, and yes.
 
-  `od' now conforms to POSIX better, and is more compatible with BSD:
+  'od' now conforms to POSIX better, and is more compatible with BSD:
 
     The older syntax "od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]" now works
     even without --traditional.  This is a change in behavior if there
@@ -2660,32 +2876,32 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   mv could mistakenly fail to preserve hard links when moving two
   or more arguments between partitions.
 
-  `cp --sparse=always F /dev/hdx' no longer tries to use lseek to create
+  'cp --sparse=always F /dev/hdx' no longer tries to use lseek to create
   holes in the destination.
 
   nohup now sets the close-on-exec flag for its copy of the stderr file
   descriptor.  This avoids some nohup-induced hangs.  For example, before
-  this change, if you ran `ssh localhost', then `nohup sleep 600 </dev/null &',
+  this change, if you ran 'ssh localhost', then 'nohup sleep 600 </dev/null &',
   and then exited that remote shell, the ssh session would hang until the
   10-minute sleep terminated.  With the fixed nohup, the ssh session
   terminates immediately.
 
-  `expr' now conforms to POSIX better:
+  'expr' now conforms to POSIX better:
 
     Integers like -0 and 00 are now treated as zero.
 
-    The `|' operator now returns 0, not its first argument, if both
-    arguments are null or zero.  E.g., `expr "" \| ""' now returns 0,
+    The '|' operator now returns 0, not its first argument, if both
+    arguments are null or zero.  E.g., 'expr "" \| ""' now returns 0,
     not the empty string.
 
-    The `|' and `&' operators now use short-circuit evaluation, e.g.,
-    `expr 1 \| 1 / 0' no longer reports a division by zero.
+    The '|' and '&' operators now use short-circuit evaluation, e.g.,
+    'expr 1 \| 1 / 0' no longer reports a division by zero.
 
 ** New features
 
-  `chown user.group file' now has its traditional meaning even when
+  'chown user.group file' now has its traditional meaning even when
   conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001, so long as no user has a name
-  containing `.' that happens to equal `user.group'.
+  containing '.' that happens to equal 'user.group'.
 
 
 * Major changes in release 5.2.0 (2004-02-19) [stable]
@@ -2699,8 +2915,8 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 ** Bug fixes
 
-  `cp -d' now works as required even on systems like OSF V5.1 that
-  declare stat and lstat as `static inline' functions.
+  'cp -d' now works as required even on systems like OSF V5.1 that
+  declare stat and lstat as 'static inline' functions.
 
   time stamps output by stat now include actual fractional seconds,
   when available -- or .0000000 for files without that information.
@@ -2814,7 +3030,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   ls --width=N (with -x or -C) no longer allocates more space
   (potentially much more) than necessary for a given directory.
 
-  dd `unblock' and `sync' may now be combined (e.g., dd conv=unblock,sync)
+  dd 'unblock' and 'sync' may now be combined (e.g., dd conv=unblock,sync)
 
 * Major changes in release 5.0.91 (2003-09-08):
 
@@ -2836,18 +3052,18 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   sort option order no longer matters for the options -S, -d, -i, -o, and -t.
   Stronger options override weaker, and incompatible options are diagnosed.
 
-  `sha1sum --check' now accepts the BSD format for SHA1 message digests
+  'sha1sum --check' now accepts the BSD format for SHA1 message digests
   in addition to the BSD format for MD5 ones.
 
-  who -l now means `who --login', not `who --lookup', per POSIX.
+  who -l now means 'who --login', not 'who --lookup', per POSIX.
   who's -l option has been eliciting an unconditional warning about
   this impending change since sh-utils-2.0.12 (April 2002).
 
 ** Bug fixes
 
-  Mistakenly renaming a file onto itself, e.g., via `mv B b' when `B' is
-  the same directory entry as `b' no longer destroys the directory entry
-  referenced by both `b' and `B'.  Note that this would happen only on
+  Mistakenly renaming a file onto itself, e.g., via 'mv B b' when 'B' is
+  the same directory entry as 'b' no longer destroys the directory entry
+  referenced by both 'b' and 'B'.  Note that this would happen only on
   file systems like VFAT where two different names may refer to the same
   directory entry, usually due to lower->upper case mapping of file names.
   Now, the above can happen only on file systems that perform name mapping and
@@ -2860,14 +3076,14 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
        (B may well have a link count larger than 1)
   2) B and b are hard links to the same file
 
-  stat no longer overruns a buffer for format strings ending in `%'
+  stat no longer overruns a buffer for format strings ending in '%'
 
   fold -s -wN would infloop for N < 8 with TABs in the input.
   E.g., this would not terminate: printf 'a\t' | fold -w2 -s
 
-  `split -a0', although of questionable utility, is accepted once again.
+  'split -a0', although of questionable utility, is accepted once again.
 
-  `df DIR' used to hang under some conditions on OSF/1 5.1.  Now it doesn't.
+  'df DIR' used to hang under some conditions on OSF/1 5.1.  Now it doesn't.
 
   seq's --width (-w) option now works properly even when the endpoint
   requiring the larger width is negative and smaller than the other endpoint.
@@ -2877,7 +3093,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   paste no longer mistakenly outputs 0xFF bytes for a nonempty input file
   without a trailing newline.
 
-  `tail -n0 -f FILE' and `tail -c0 -f FILE' no longer perform what amounted
+  'tail -n0 -f FILE' and 'tail -c0 -f FILE' no longer perform what amounted
   to a busy wait, rather than sleeping between iterations.
 
   tail's long-undocumented --allow-missing option now elicits a warning
@@ -2889,14 +3105,14 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   sort is now up to 30% more CPU-efficient in some cases
 
-  `test' is now more compatible with Bash and POSIX:
+  'test' is now more compatible with Bash and POSIX:
 
-    `test -t', `test --help', and `test --version' now silently exit
+    'test -t', 'test --help', and 'test --version' now silently exit
     with status 0.  To test whether standard output is a terminal, use
-    `test -t 1'.  To get help and version info for `test', use
-    `[ --help' and `[ --version'.
+    'test -t 1'.  To get help and version info for 'test', use
+    '[ --help' and '[ --version'.
 
-    `test' now exits with status 2 (not 1) if there is an error.
+    'test' now exits with status 2 (not 1) if there is an error.
 
   wc count field widths now are heuristically adjusted depending on the input
   size, if known.  If only one count is printed, it is guaranteed to
@@ -2912,7 +3128,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   Why wasn't this noticed?  Although many tests use kill, none of
   them made an effort to avoid using the shell's built-in kill.
 
-  `[' invoked with no arguments no longer evokes a segfault
+  '[' invoked with no arguments no longer evokes a segfault
 
   rm without --recursive (aka -r or -R) no longer prompts regarding
   unwritable directories, as required by POSIX.
@@ -2929,10 +3145,10 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
   split -a0 now works, as POSIX requires.
 
-  `sort --version' and `sort --help' fail, as they should
+  'sort --version' and 'sort --help' fail, as they should
   when their output is redirected to /dev/full.
 
-  `su --version > /dev/full' now fails, as it should.
+  'su --version > /dev/full' now fails, as it should.
 
 ** Fewer arbitrary limitations
 
@@ -2943,7 +3159,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * Major changes in release 5.0.1 (2003-07-15):
 
 ** New programs
-- new program: `[' (much like `test')
+- new program: '[' (much like 'test')
 
 ** New features
 - head now accepts --lines=-N (--bytes=-N) to print all but the
@@ -2951,9 +3167,9 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 - md5sum --check now accepts the output of the BSD md5sum program, e.g.,
   MD5 (f) = d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
 - date -d DATE can now parse a DATE string like May-23-2003
-- chown: `.' is no longer recognized as a separator in the OWNER:GROUP
+- chown: '.' is no longer recognized as a separator in the OWNER:GROUP
   specifier on POSIX 1003.1-2001 systems.  If chown *was not* compiled
-  on such a system, then it still accepts `.', by default.  If chown
+  on such a system, then it still accepts '.', by default.  If chown
   was compiled on a POSIX 1003.1-2001 system, then you may enable the
   old behavior by setting _POSIX2_VERSION=199209 in your environment.
 - chown no longer tries to preserve set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits;
@@ -2969,24 +3185,24 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 ** Bug fixes
 - chown --dereference no longer leaks a file descriptor per symlink processed
-- `du /' once again prints the `/' on the last line
+- 'du /' once again prints the '/' on the last line
 - split's --verbose option works once again [broken in 4.5.10 and 5.0]
 - tail -f is no longer subject to a race condition that could make it
   delay displaying the last part of a file that had stopped growing.  That
-  bug could also make tail -f give an unwarranted `file truncated' warning.
+  bug could also make tail -f give an unwarranted 'file truncated' warning.
 - du no longer runs out of file descriptors unnecessarily
-- df and `readlink --canonicalize' no longer corrupt the heap on
+- df and 'readlink --canonicalize' no longer corrupt the heap on
   non-glibc, non-solaris systems
-- `env -u UNSET_VARIABLE' no longer dumps core on non-glibc systems
+- 'env -u UNSET_VARIABLE' no longer dumps core on non-glibc systems
 - readlink's --canonicalize option now works on systems like Solaris that
   lack the canonicalize_file_name function but do have resolvepath.
-- mv now removes `a' in this example on all systems: touch a; ln a b; mv a b
+- mv now removes 'a' in this example on all systems: touch a; ln a b; mv a b
   This behavior is contrary to POSIX (which requires that the mv command do
   nothing and exit successfully), but I suspect POSIX will change.
 - date's %r format directive now honors locale settings
-- date's `-' (no-pad) format flag now affects the space-padded-by-default
+- date's '-' (no-pad) format flag now affects the space-padded-by-default
   conversion specifiers, %e, %k, %l
-- fmt now diagnoses invalid obsolescent width specifications like `-72x'
+- fmt now diagnoses invalid obsolescent width specifications like '-72x'
 - fmt now exits nonzero when unable to open an input file
 - tsort now fails when given an odd number of input tokens,
   as required by POSIX.  Before, it would act as if the final token
@@ -2998,12 +3214,12 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 - split can now handle --bytes=N and --lines=N with N=2^31 or more.
 
 ** Portability
-- `kill -t' now prints signal descriptions (rather than `?') on systems
+- 'kill -t' now prints signal descriptions (rather than '?') on systems
   like Tru64 with __sys_siglist but no strsignal function.
 - stat.c now compiles on Ultrix systems
 - sleep now works on AIX systems that lack support for clock_gettime
 - rm now works around Darwin6.5's broken readdir function
-  Before `rm -rf DIR' would fail to remove all files in DIR
+  Before 'rm -rf DIR' would fail to remove all files in DIR
   if there were more than 338.
 
 * Major changes in release 5.0 (2003-04-02):
@@ -3017,8 +3233,8 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 [4.5.11]
 * seq no longer requires that a field width be specified
-* seq no longer fails when given a field width of `0'
-* seq now accepts ` ' and `'' as valid format flag characters
+* seq no longer fails when given a field width of '0'
+* seq now accepts " " and "'" as valid format flag characters
 * df now shows a HOSTNAME: prefix for each remote-mounted file system on AIX 5.1
 * portability tweaks for HP-UX, AIX 5.1, DJGPP
 
@@ -3026,7 +3242,7 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * printf no longer segfaults for a negative field width or precision
 * shred now always enables --exact for non-regular files
 * du no longer lists hard-linked files more than once
-* du no longer dumps core on some systems due to `infinite' recursion
+* du no longer dumps core on some systems due to "infinite" recursion
   via nftw's use of the buggy replacement function in getcwd.c
 * portability patches for a few vendor compilers and 64-bit systems
 * du -S *really* now works like it did before the change in 4.5.5
@@ -3036,12 +3252,12 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * work around Linux kernel bug in getcwd (fixed in 2.4.21-pre4), so that pwd
   now fails if the name of the working directory is so long that getcwd
   truncates it.  Before it would print the truncated name and exit successfully.
-* `df /some/mount-point' no longer hangs on a GNU libc system when another
+* 'df /some/mount-point' no longer hangs on a GNU libc system when another
   hard-mounted NFS file system (preceding /some/mount-point in /proc/mounts)
   is inaccessible.
 * rm -rf now gives an accurate diagnostic when failing to remove a file
   under certain unusual conditions
-* mv and `cp --preserve=links' now preserve multiple hard links even under
+* mv and 'cp --preserve=links' now preserve multiple hard links even under
   certain unusual conditions where they used to fail
 
 [4.5.8]
@@ -3050,15 +3266,15 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * du accepts new option: --apparent-size
 * du --bytes (-b) works the same way it did in fileutils-3.16 and before
 * du reports proper sizes for directories (not zero) (broken in 4.5.6 or 4.5.7)
-* df now always displays under `Filesystem', the device file name
+* df now always displays under 'Filesystem', the device file name
   corresponding to the listed mount point.  Before, for a block- or character-
   special file command line argument, df would display that argument.  E.g.,
-  `df /dev/hda' would list `/dev/hda' as the `Filesystem', rather than say
-  /dev/hda3 (the device on which `/' is mounted), as it does now.
+  'df /dev/hda' would list '/dev/hda' as the 'Filesystem', rather than say
+  /dev/hda3 (the device on which '/' is mounted), as it does now.
 * test now works properly when invoked from a set user ID or set group ID
   context and when testing access to files subject to alternate protection
   mechanisms.  For example, without this change, a set-UID program that invoked
-  `test -w F' (to see if F is writable) could mistakenly report that it *was*
+  'test -w F' (to see if F is writable) could mistakenly report that it *was*
   writable, even though F was on a read-only file system, or F had an ACL
   prohibiting write access, or F was marked as immutable.
 
@@ -3071,8 +3287,8 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * du --exclude=FILE works once again (this was broken by the rewrite for 4.5.5)
 * du no longer gets a failed assertion for certain hierarchy lay-outs
   involving hard-linked directories
-* `who -r' no longer segfaults when using non-C-locale messages
-* df now displays a mount point (usually `/') for non-mounted
+* 'who -r' no longer segfaults when using non-C-locale messages
+* df now displays a mount point (usually '/') for non-mounted
   character-special and block files
 
 [4.5.5]
@@ -3086,16 +3302,16 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 * ls has a new option --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir, which
   corresponds to the new default behavior when none of -d, -l -F, -H, -L
   has been specified.
-* ls dangling-symlink now prints `dangling-symlink'.
-  Before, it would fail with `no such file or directory'.
+* ls dangling-symlink now prints 'dangling-symlink'.
+  Before, it would fail with 'no such file or directory'.
 * ls -s symlink-to-non-dir and ls -i symlink-to-non-dir now print
-  attributes of `symlink', rather than attributes of their referents.
+  attributes of 'symlink', rather than attributes of their referents.
 * Fix a bug introduced in 4.5.4 that made it so that ls --color would no
   longer highlight the names of files with the execute bit set when not
   specified on the command line.
 * shred's --zero (-z) option no longer gobbles up any following argument.
-  Before, `shred --zero file' would produce `shred: missing file argument',
-  and worse, `shred --zero f1 f2 ...' would appear to work, but would leave
+  Before, 'shred --zero file' would produce 'shred: missing file argument',
+  and worse, 'shred --zero f1 f2 ...' would appear to work, but would leave
   the first file untouched.
 * readlink: new program
 * cut: new feature: when used to select ranges of byte offsets (as opposed
@@ -3107,13 +3323,13 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
 
 [4.5.4]
 * cp no longer fails to parse options like this: --preserve=mode,ownership
-* `ls --color -F symlink-to-dir' works properly
+* 'ls --color -F symlink-to-dir' works properly
 * ls is much more efficient on directories with valid dirent.d_type.
 * stty supports all baud rates defined in linux-2.4.19.
-* `du symlink-to-dir/' would improperly remove the trailing slash
-* `du ""' would evoke a bounds violation.
-* In the unlikely event that running `du /' resulted in `stat ("/", ...)'
-  failing, du would give a diagnostic about `' (empty string) rather than `/'.
+* 'du symlink-to-dir/' would improperly remove the trailing slash
+* 'du ""' would evoke a bounds violation.
+* In the unlikely event that running 'du /' resulted in 'stat ("/", ...)'
+  failing, du would give a diagnostic about '' (empty string) rather than '/'.
 * printf: a hexadecimal escape sequence has at most two hex. digits, not three.
 * The following features have been added to the --block-size option
   and similar environment variables of df, du, and ls.
@@ -3130,18 +3346,18 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   sizes are now always rounded up, for consistency with df and du.
 * df now displays the block size using powers of 1000 if the requested
   block size seems to be a multiple of a power of 1000.
-* nl no longer gets a segfault when run like this `yes|nl -s%n'
+* nl no longer gets a segfault when run like this 'yes|nl -s%n'
 
 [4.5.3]
 * du --dereference-args (-D) no longer fails in certain cases
-* `ln --target-dir=DIR' no longer fails when given a single argument
+* 'ln --target-dir=DIR' no longer fails when given a single argument
 
 [4.5.2]
-* `rm -i dir' (without --recursive (-r)) no longer recurses into dir
-* `tail -c N FILE' now works with files of size >= 4GB
-* `mkdir -p' can now create very deep (e.g. 40,000-component) directories
+* 'rm -i dir' (without --recursive (-r)) no longer recurses into dir
+* 'tail -c N FILE' now works with files of size >= 4GB
+* 'mkdir -p' can now create very deep (e.g. 40,000-component) directories
 * rmdir -p dir-with-trailing-slash/ no longer fails
-* printf now honors the `--' command line delimiter
+* printf now honors the '--' command line delimiter
 * od's 8-byte formats x8, o8, and u8 now work
 * tail now accepts fractional seconds for its --sleep-interval=S (-s) option
 
@@ -3154,7 +3370,7 @@ Here are the NEWS entries made from fileutils-4.1 until the
 point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 
 [4.1.11]
-* `rm symlink-to-unwritable' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.10]
+* 'rm symlink-to-unwritable' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.10]
 [4.1.10]
 * rm once again gives a reasonable diagnostic when failing to remove a file
     owned by someone else in a sticky directory [introduced in 4.1.9]
@@ -3163,8 +3379,8 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * Any time style can be preceded by "posix-"; this causes "ls" to
   use traditional timestamp format when in the POSIX locale.
 * The default time style is now posix-long-iso instead of posix-iso.
-  Set TIME_STYLE="posix-iso" to revert to the behavior of 4.1.1 thru 4.1.9.
-* `rm dangling-symlink' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.9]
+  Set TIME_STYLE="posix-iso" to revert to the behavior of 4.1.1 through 4.1.9.
+* 'rm dangling-symlink' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.9]
 * stat: remove support for --secure/-s option and related %S and %C format specs
 * stat: rename --link/-l to --dereference/-L.
     The old options will continue to work for a while.
@@ -3172,7 +3388,7 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * rm can now remove very deep hierarchies, in spite of any limit on stack size
 * new programs: link, unlink, and stat
 * New ls option: --author (for the Hurd).
-* `touch -c no-such-file' no longer fails, per POSIX
+* 'touch -c no-such-file' no longer fails, per POSIX
 [4.1.8]
 * mv no longer mistakenly creates links to preexisting destination files
     that aren't moved
@@ -3183,7 +3399,7 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * cp -r is now equivalent to cp -R.  Use cp -R -L --copy-contents to get the
   traditional (and rarely desirable) cp -r behavior.
 * ls now accepts --time-style=+FORMAT, where +FORMAT works like date's format
-* The obsolete usage `touch [-acm] MMDDhhmm[YY] FILE...' is no longer
+* The obsolete usage 'touch [-acm] MMDDhhmm[YY] FILE...' is no longer
   supported on systems conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001.  Use touch -t instead.
 * cp and inter-partition mv no longer give a misleading diagnostic in some
     unusual cases
@@ -3192,14 +3408,14 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * The block size notation is now compatible with SI and with IEC 60027-2.
   For example, --block-size=1MB now means --block-size=1000000,
   whereas --block-size=1MiB now means --block-size=1048576.
-  A missing `B' (e.g. `1M') has the same meaning as before.
-  A trailing `B' now means decimal, not binary; this is a silent change.
-  The nonstandard `D' suffix (e.g. `1MD') is now obsolescent.
+  A missing 'B' (e.g. '1M') has the same meaning as before.
+  A trailing 'B' now means decimal, not binary; this is a silent change.
+  The nonstandard 'D' suffix (e.g. '1MD') is now obsolescent.
 * -H or --si now outputs the trailing 'B', for consistency with the above.
 * Programs now output trailing 'K' (not 'k') to mean 1024, as per IEC 60027-2.
 * New df, du short option -B is short for --block-size.
-* You can omit an integer `1' before a block size suffix,
-  e.g. `df -BG' is equivalent to `df -B 1G' and to `df --block-size=1G'.
+* You can omit an integer '1' before a block size suffix,
+  e.g. 'df -BG' is equivalent to 'df -B 1G' and to 'df --block-size=1G'.
 * The following options are now obsolescent, as their names are
   incompatible with IEC 60027-2:
    df, du: -m or --megabytes (use -BM or --block-size=1M)
@@ -3210,9 +3426,9 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 [4.1.3]
 * ls -R once again outputs a blank line between per-directory groups of files.
     This was broken by the cycle-detection change in 4.1.1.
-* dd once again uses `lseek' on character devices like /dev/mem and /dev/kmem.
+* dd once again uses 'lseek' on character devices like /dev/mem and /dev/kmem.
     On systems with the linux kernel (at least up to 2.4.16), dd must still
-    resort to emulating `skip=N' behavior using reads on tape devices, because
+    resort to emulating 'skip=N' behavior using reads on tape devices, because
     lseek has no effect, yet appears to succeed.  This may be a kernel bug.
 [4.1.2]
 * cp no longer fails when two or more source files are the same;
@@ -3220,7 +3436,7 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
     E.g., cp a a d/ produces this:
     cp: warning: source file `a' specified more than once
 * chmod would set the wrong bit when given symbolic mode strings like
-    these: g=o, o=g, o=u.  E.g., `chmod a=,o=w,ug=o f' would give a mode
+    these: g=o, o=g, o=u.  E.g., 'chmod a=,o=w,ug=o f' would give a mode
     of --w-r---w- rather than --w--w--w-.
 [4.1.1]
 * mv (likewise for cp), now fails rather than silently clobbering one of
@@ -3235,21 +3451,21 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
     --preserve[={mode,ownership,timestamps,links,all}]
     --no-preserve={mode,ownership,timestamps,links,all}
 * cp's -p and --preserve options remain unchanged and are equivalent
-    to `--preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps'
+    to '--preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps'
 * mv and cp accept a new option: --reply={yes,no,query};  provides a consistent
     mechanism to control whether one is prompted about certain existing
     destination files.  Note that cp's and mv's -f options don't have the
-    same meaning: cp's -f option no longer merely turns off `-i'.
+    same meaning: cp's -f option no longer merely turns off '-i'.
 * remove portability limitations (e.g., PATH_MAX on the Hurd, fixes for
     64-bit systems)
 * mv now prompts before overwriting an existing, unwritable destination file
     when stdin is a tty, unless --force (-f) is specified, as per POSIX.
-* mv: fix the bug whereby `mv -uf source dest' would delete source,
+* mv: fix the bug whereby 'mv -uf source dest' would delete source,
     even though it's older than dest.
 * chown's --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP option now works
 * cp now ensures that the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits are cleared for
     the destination file when when copying and not preserving permissions.
-* `ln -f --backup k k' gives a clearer diagnostic
+* 'ln -f --backup k k' gives a clearer diagnostic
 * ls no longer truncates user names or group names that are longer
     than 8 characters.
 * ls's new --dereference-command-line option causes it to dereference
@@ -3260,8 +3476,8 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * ls -n now implies -l, as per POSIX.
 * ls can now display dates and times in one of four time styles:
 
-  - The `full-iso' time style gives full ISO-style time stamps like
-    `2001-05-14 23:45:56.477817180 -0700'.
+  - The 'full-iso' time style gives full ISO-style time stamps like
+    '2001-05-14 23:45:56.477817180 -0700'.
   - The 'iso' time style gives ISO-style time stamps like '2001-05-14 '
     and '05-14 23:45'.
   - The 'locale' time style gives locale-dependent time stamps like
@@ -3302,10 +3518,10 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
 * who accepts new options: --all (-a), --boot (-b), --dead (-d), --login,
    --process (-p), --runlevel (-r), --short (-s), --time (-t), --users (-u).
    The -u option now produces POSIX-specified results and is the same as
-   the long option `--users'.  --idle is no longer the same as -u.
+   the long option '--users'.  --idle is no longer the same as -u.
 * The following changes apply on systems conforming to POSIX 1003.1-2001:
-   - `date -I' is no longer supported.  Instead, use `date --iso-8601'.
-   - `nice -NUM' is no longer supported.  Instead, use `nice -n NUM'.
+   - 'date -I' is no longer supported.  Instead, use 'date --iso-8601'.
+   - 'nice -NUM' is no longer supported.  Instead, use 'nice -n NUM'.
   [This change was reverted in coreutils 5.3.1.]
 * New 'uname' options -i or --hardware-platform, and -o or --operating-system.
    'uname -a' now outputs -i and -o information at the end.
@@ -3320,23 +3536,23 @@ point at which the packages merged to form the coreutils:
     (e.g., 23:00 on *thursday* rather than 00:00 of the preceding friday)
     when run such that the current time and the target date/time fall on
     opposite sides of a daylight savings time transition.
-    This problem arose only with relative date strings like `last monday'.
+    This problem arose only with relative date strings like 'last monday'.
     It was not a problem with strings that include absolute dates.
 * factor is twice as fast, for large numbers
  [2.0.11]
 * setting the date now works properly, even when using -u
-* `date -f - < /dev/null' no longer dumps core
+* 'date -f - < /dev/null' no longer dumps core
 * some DOS/Windows portability changes
  [2.0j]
-* `date -d DATE' now parses certain relative DATEs correctly
+* 'date -d DATE' now parses certain relative DATEs correctly
  [2.0i]
 * fixed a bug introduced in 2.0h that made many programs fail with a
- `write error' when invoked with the --version option
+ 'write error' when invoked with the --version option
  [2.0h]
 * all programs fail when printing --help or --version output to a full device
 * printf exits nonzero upon write failure
 * yes now detects and terminates upon write failure
-* date --rfc-822 now always emits day and month names from the `C' locale
+* date --rfc-822 now always emits day and month names from the 'C' locale
 * portability tweaks for Solaris8, Ultrix, and DOS
  [2.0g]
 * date now handles two-digit years with leading zeros correctly.
@@ -3374,11 +3590,11 @@ packages, see ./old/*/NEWS.
 
 ========================================================================
 
-Copyright (C) 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2001-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
 Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
-Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the ``GNU Free
-Documentation License'' file as part of this distribution.
+Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the "GNU Free
+Documentation License" file as part of this distribution.

README

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ The programs that can be built with this package are:
   csplit cut date dd df dir dircolors dirname du echo env expand expr
   factor false fmt fold groups head hostid hostname id install join kill
   link ln logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp mv nice nl nohup
-  nproc od paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd readlink rm rmdir
-  runcon seq sha1sum sha224sum sha256sum sha384sum sha512sum shred shuf
-  sleep sort split stat stdbuf stty su sum sync tac tail tee test timeout
-  touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname unexpand uniq unlink uptime users
-  vdir wc who whoami yes
+  nproc od paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd readlink realpath
+  rm rmdir runcon seq sha1sum sha224sum sha256sum sha384sum sha512sum shred
+  shuf sleep sort split stat stdbuf stty su sum sync tac tail tee test
+  timeout touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname unexpand uniq unlink
+  uptime users vdir wc who whoami yes
 
 See the file NEWS for a list of major changes in the current release.
 
@@ -134,17 +134,25 @@ the best solution is to use GNU make.  Otherwise, simply remove
 all mention of "[$(EXEEXT)" from src/Makefile.
 
 
+*************************************************
+"make check" failure on IRIX 6.5 and Solaris <= 9
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+Using the vendor make program to run "make check" fails on these two systems.
+If you want to run all of the tests there, use GNU make.
+
+
 
 **********************
 Running tests as root:
 ----------------------
 
 If you run the tests as root, note that a few of them create files
-and/or run programs as a non-root user, `nobody' by default.
+and/or run programs as a non-root user, 'nobody' by default.
 If you want to use some other non-root username, specify it via
 the NON_ROOT_USERNAME environment variable.  Depending on the
 permissions with which the working directories have been created,
-using `nobody' may fail, because that user won't have the required
+using 'nobody' may fail, because that user won't have the required
 read and write access to the build and test directories.
 I find that it is best to unpack and build as a non-privileged
 user, and then to run the following command as that user in order
@@ -163,7 +171,7 @@ Reporting bugs:
 ---------------
 
 IMPORTANT: if you take the time to report a test failure,
-please be sure to include the output of running `make check'
+please be sure to include the output of running 'make check'
 in verbose mode for each failing test.  For example,
 if the test that fails is tests/misc/df, then you would
 run this command:
@@ -171,7 +179,7 @@ run this command:
   (cd tests && make check TESTS=misc/df VERBOSE=yes) >> log 2>&1
 
 For some tests, you can get even more detail by adding DEBUG=yes.
-Then include the contents of the file `log' in your bug report.
+Then include the contents of the file 'log' in your bug report.
 
 Send bug reports, questions, comments, etc. to bug-coreutils@gnu.org.
 If you would like to suggest a patch, see the files README-hacking
@@ -215,7 +223,7 @@ or any Makefile.am, then don't be surprised if what gets regenerated no
 longer works.  To make things work, you'll have to be using appropriate
 versions of the tools listed in bootstrap.conf's buildreq string.
 
-All of these programs except `test' recognize the `--version' option.
+All of these programs except 'test' recognize the '--version' option.
 When reporting bugs, please include in the subject line both the package
 name/version and the name of the program for which you found a problem.
 
@@ -232,11 +240,11 @@ the address on the last line of --help output.
 
 ========================================================================
 
-Copyright (C) 1998, 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
 Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
-Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the ``GNU Free
-Documentation License'' file as part of this distribution.
+Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the "GNU Free
+Documentation License" file as part of this distribution.

README-hacking

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Valgrind <http://valgrind.org/> is also highly recommended, if
 Valgrind supports your architecture. See also README-valgrind.
 
 While building from a just-cloned source tree may require installing a
-few prerequisites, later, a plain `git pull && make' should be sufficient.
+few prerequisites, later, a plain 'git pull && make' should be sufficient.
 
 * First GIT checkout
 
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ You can get a copy of the source repository like this:
         $ cd coreutils
 
 As an optional step, if you already have a copy of the gnulib git
-repository on your hard drive, then you can use it as a reference to
-reduce download time and disk space requirements:
+repository, then you can use it as a reference to reduce download
+time and disk space requirements:
 
         $ export GNULIB_SRCDIR=/path/to/gnulib
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ each program.  One way to do this is to use vc-dwim
 
 -----
 
-Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

README-release

@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@ Here are most of the steps we (maintainers) follow when making a release.
 
 FIXME: enable excluded programs like arch? to get their manual pages?
 
+* Check for new file system types by running the following command on
+  a system with the most recent kernel possible (e.g., Fedora rawhide):
+
+    make -C src fs-magic-compare
+
+  If it finds a new file system magic number, add it to src/stat.c.
+  If it is a remote file system, add the new S_MAGIC_* name you created
+  in stat.c to the list of remote file system types in src/tail.c's
+  fremote function.
+
 * Pre-release testing:
 
   Run the following on at least one SELinux-enabled (enforcing) and

README-valgrind

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 # Convert this package for use with valgrind.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2002-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

THANKS.in

@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ Alexandre Duret-Lutz                duret_g@epita.fr
 Alexey Solovyov                     alekso@math.uu.se
 Alexey Vyskubov                     alexey@pippuri.mawhrin.net
 Alfred M. Szmidt                    ams@kemisten.nu
+Ambrose Feinstein                   ambrose@google.com
+Amr Ali                             amr.ali.cc@gmail.com
+Anders Kaseorg                      andersk@mit.edu
 Andi Kleen                          freitag@alancoxonachip.com
 Andre Novaes Cunha                  Andre.Cunha@br.global-one.net
 Andreas Frische                     andreasfrische@gmail.com
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@ Anthony Thyssen                     anthony@griffith.edu.au
 Antonio Rendas                      ajrendas@yahoo.com
 Ariel Faigon                        ariel@cthulhu.engr.sgi.com
 Arjan Opmeer                        arjan.opmeer@gmail.com
+Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz                arekm@maven.pl
 Arne Henrik Juul                    arnej@imf.unit.no
 Arnold Robbins                      arnold@skeeve.com
 Arthur Pool                         pool@commerce.uq.edu.au
@@ -94,6 +98,7 @@ Brian Silverman                     bsilverman@conceptxdesign.com
 Brian Youmans                       3diff@gnu.org
 Britton Leo Kerin                   fsblk@aurora.uaf.edu
 Bruce Robertson                     brucer@theodolite.dyndns.org
+Brynnen Owen                        owen@illinois.edu
 Carl Johnson                        carlj@cjlinux.home.org
 Carl Lowenstein                     cdl@mpl.UCSD.EDU
 Carl Roth                           roth@urs.us
@@ -130,6 +135,7 @@ Dan Hagerty                         hag@gnu.ai.it.edu
 Dan Pascu                           dan@services.iiruc.ro
 Daniel Bergstrom                    noa@melody.se
 Daniel P. Berrangé                  berrange@redhat.com
+Daniel Stavrovski                   d@stavrovski.net
 Dániel Varga                        danielv@axelero.hu
 Danny Levinson                      danny.levinson@overture.com
 Darrel Francis                      d.francis@cheerful.com
@@ -272,6 +278,7 @@ Jens Elkner                         elkner@imsgroup.de
 Jens Schmidt                        jms@jsds.hamburg.com
 Jeph Cowan                          jeph@ucar.edu
 Jeremy Maitin-Shepard               jbms@cmu.edu
+Jérémy Magrin                       jeremy.magrin@epitech.eu
 Jerome Abela                        abela@hsc.fr
 Jérôme Zago                         bug-coreutils-ml@agt-the-walker.net
 Jesse Kornblum                      kornblum@usna.edu
@@ -310,6 +317,7 @@ Juan M. Guerrero                    st001906@hrz1.hrz.tu-darmstadt.de
 Julian Bradfield                    jcb@inf.ed.ac.uk
 Jungshik Shin                       jshin@pantheon.yale.edu
 Jürgen Fluk                         louis@dachau.marco.de
+Juraj Marko                         jmarko@redhat.com
 Jurriaan                            thunder7@xs4all.nl
 Justin Pryzby                       justinpryzby@users.sourceforge.net
 jvogel                              jvogel@linkny.com
@@ -348,6 +356,7 @@ Manfred Hollstein                   manfred@s-direktnet.de
 Марк Коренберг                      socketpair@gmail.com
 Marc Boucher                        marc@mbsi.ca
 Marc Haber                          mh+debian-bugs@zugschlus.de
+Marc Mengel                         mengel@fnal.gov
 Marc Lehman                         schmorp@schmorp.de
 Marc Olzheim                        marcolz@stack.nl
 Marco Franzen                       Marco.Franzen@Thyron.com
@@ -380,6 +389,7 @@ Mate Wierdl                         mw@moni.msci.memphis.edu
 Matej Vela                          mvela@public.srce.hr
 Matias A. Fonzo                     selk@dragora.org
 Matt Kraai                          kraai@ftbfs.org
+Matt McCutchen                      matt@mattmccutchen.net
 Matt Perry                          matt@primefactor.com
 Matt Pham                           mattvpham@gmail.com
 Matt Schalit                        mschalit@pacbell.net
@@ -406,6 +416,7 @@ Michael Gaughen                     mgaughen@polyserve.com
 Michael Hasselberg                  mikelh@zonta.ping.de
 Michael Hohn                        hohn@math.utah.edu
 Michael J. Croghan                  mcroghan@usatoday.com
+Michael J. Daniel                   michael.j.daniel@comcast.net
 Michael McFarland                   sidlon@yahoo.com
 Michael McLagan                     mmclagan@invlogic.com
 Michael Piefel                      piefel@informatik.hu-berlin.de
@@ -426,8 +437,9 @@ Mikulas Patocka                     mikulas@artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz
 Miles Bader                         miles@gnu.ai.mit.edu
 Minh Tran-Le                        tranle@intellicorp.com
 Morten Welinder                     terra@diku.dk
+Nao Nishijima                       nao.nishijima.xt@hitachi.com
 Neal H Walfield                     neal@cs.uml.edu
-Neil Brown                          neilb@cse.unsw.edu.au
+Neil F. Brown                       neilb@suse.de
 Nelson H. F. Beebe                  beebe@math.utah.edu
 Nick Estes                          debian@nickstoys.com
 Nick Graham                         nick.d.graham@gmail.com
@@ -477,6 +489,7 @@ Phil Richards                       phil.richards@vf.vodafone.co.uk
 Philippe De Muyter                  phdm@macqel.be
 Philippe Schnoebelen                Philippe.Schnoebelen@imag.fr
 Phillip Jones                       mouse@datastacks.com
+Philipp Thomas                      pth@suse.de
 Piergiorgio Sartor                  sartor@sony.de
 Pieter Bowman                       bowman@math.utah.edu
 Piotr Gackiewicz                    gacek@intertele.pl
@@ -548,6 +561,7 @@ Steven P Watson                     steven@magelico.net
 Stuart Citrin                       ctrn3e8@gmail.com
 Stuart Kemp                         skemp@peter.bmc.com
 Stuart Shelton                      stuart@shelton.me
+Sven Breuner                        sven.breuner@itwm.fraunhofer.de
 Szakacsits Szabolcs                 szaka@sienet.hu
 Tadayoshi Funaba                    tadf@kt.rim.or.jp
 TAKAI Kousuke                       takai@vlsi.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp

TODO

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ cp --no-preserve=X should not attempt to preserve attribute X
   reported by Andreas Schwab
 
 copy.c: Address the FIXME-maybe comment in copy_internal.
-And once that's done, add an exclusion so that `cp --link'
+And once that's done, add an exclusion so that 'cp --link'
 no longer incurs the overhead of saving src. dev/ino and dest. filename
 in the hash table.
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ unexpand: [http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007908799/xcu/unexpand.html]
   printf 'x\t \t y\n'|unexpand -t 8,9 should print its input, unmodified.
   printf 'x\t \t y\n'|unexpand -t 5,8 should print "x\ty\n"
 
-Let GNU su use the `wheel' group if appropriate.
+Let GNU su use the 'wheel' group if appropriate.
   (there are a couple patches, already)
 
 sort: Investigate better sorting algorithms; see Knuth vol. 3.
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Changes expected to go in, someday.
   an implicit --NO-dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir meaning.
   Pointed out by Karl Berry.
 
-  dd: consider adding an option to suppress `bytes/block read/written'
+  dd: consider adding an option to suppress 'bytes/block read/written'
   output to stderr.  Suggested here:
     http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=165045
 
@@ -138,17 +138,17 @@ Changes expected to go in, someday.
   ------------------------------
 
 Remove long-deprecated options.  Search case-insensitive for
-`deprecated' and `remove in '.  Automate this.
+'deprecated' and 'remove in '.  Automate this.
 
 Add a distcheck-time test to ensure that every distributed
 file is either read-only(indicating generated) or is
 version-controlled and up to date.
 
-remove `%s' notation (now that they're all gone, add a maint.mk sc_
+remove '%s' notation (now that they're all gone, add a maint.mk sc_
     rule to ensure no new ones are added):
   grep -E "\`%.{,4}s'" src/*.c
 
-remove all uses of the `register' keyword: Done.  add a maint.mk rule
+remove all uses of the 'register' keyword: Done.  add a maint.mk rule
   for this, too.
 
 remove or adjust chown's --changes option, since it
@@ -162,13 +162,13 @@ integers.  To be converted: seq.
 Adapt tools like wc, tr, fmt, etc. (most of the textutils) to be
   multibyte aware.  The problem is that I want to avoid duplicating
   significant blocks of logic, yet I also want to incur only minimal
-  (preferably `no') cost when operating in single-byte mode.
+  (preferably 'no') cost when operating in single-byte mode.
 
 pr's use of nstrftime can make it malloc a very large (up to SIZE_MAX) buffer
 
 -----
 
-Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

bootstrap

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 #! /bin/sh
 # Print a version string.
-scriptversion=2011-08-11.17; # UTC
+scriptversion=2012-04-26.13; # UTC
 
 # Bootstrap this package from checked-out sources.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2003-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ nl='
 LC_ALL=C
 export LC_ALL
 
+# Ensure that CDPATH is not set.  Otherwise, the output from cd
+# would cause trouble in at least one use below.
+(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH
+
 local_gl_dir=gl
 
-# Temporary directory names.
-bt='._bootmp'
-bt_regex=`echo "$bt"| sed 's/\./[.]/g'`
-bt2=${bt}2
 me=$0
 
 usage() {
@@ -88,9 +88,12 @@ gnulib_modules=
 # Any gnulib files needed that are not in modules.
 gnulib_files=
 
-# A function to be called to edit gnulib.mk right after it's created.
+: ${AUTOPOINT=autopoint}
+: ${AUTORECONF=autoreconf}
+
+# A function to be called right after gnulib-tool is run.
 # Override it via your own definition in bootstrap.conf.
-gnulib_mk_hook() { :; }
+bootstrap_post_import_hook() { :; }
 
 # A function to be called after everything else in this script.
 # Override it via your own definition in bootstrap.conf.
@@ -105,6 +108,11 @@ po_download_command_format=\
 "rsync --delete --exclude '*.s1' -Lrtvz \
  'translationproject.org::tp/latest/%s/' '%s'"
 
+# Fallback for downloading .po files (if rsync fails).
+po_download_command_format2=\
+"wget --mirror -nd -q -np -A.po -P '%s' \
+ http://translationproject.org/latest/%s/"
+
 extract_package_name='
   /^AC_INIT(/{
      /.*,.*,.*, */{
@@ -312,8 +320,8 @@ insert_vc_ignore() {
   pattern="$2"
   case $vc_ignore_file in
   *.gitignore)
-    # A .gitignore entry that does not start with `/' applies
-    # recursively to subdirectories, so prepend `/' to every
+    # A .gitignore entry that does not start with '/' applies
+    # recursively to subdirectories, so prepend '/' to every
     # .gitignore entry.
     pattern=`echo "$pattern" | sed s,^,/,`;;
   esac
@@ -419,12 +427,28 @@ check_versions() {
       $use_git || continue
     fi
     # Honor $APP variables ($TAR, $AUTOCONF, etc.)
-    appvar=`echo $app | tr '[a-z]-' '[A-Z]_'`
+    appvar=`echo $app | LC_ALL=C tr '[a-z]-' '[A-Z]_'`
     test "$appvar" = TAR && appvar=AMTAR
     case $appvar in
         GZIP) ;; # Do not use $GZIP:  it contains gzip options.
         *) eval "app=\${$appvar-$app}" ;;
     esac
+
+    # Handle the still-experimental Automake-NG programs specially.
+    # They remain named as the mainstream Automake programs ("automake",
+    # and "aclocal") to avoid gratuitous incompatibilities with
+    # pre-existing usages (by, say, autoreconf, or custom autogen.sh
+    # scripts), but correctly identify themselves (as being part of
+    # "GNU automake-ng") when asked their version.
+    case $app in
+      automake-ng|aclocal-ng)
+        app=`echo "$app" | sed 's/-ng$//'`
+        ($app --version | grep '(GNU automake-ng)') >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+          echo "$me: Error: '$app' not found or not from Automake-NG" >&2
+          ret=1
+          continue
+        } ;;
+    esac
     if [ "$req_ver" = "-" ]; then
       # Merely require app to exist; not all prereq apps are well-behaved
       # so we have to rely on $? rather than get_version.
@@ -473,6 +497,32 @@ if test $use_libtool = 1; then
   find_tool LIBTOOLIZE glibtoolize libtoolize
 fi
 
+# gnulib-tool requires at least automake and autoconf.
+# If either is not listed, add it (with minimum version) as a prerequisite.
+case $buildreq in
+  *automake*) ;;
+  *) buildreq="automake 1.9
+$buildreq" ;;
+esac
+case $buildreq in
+  *autoconf*) ;;
+  *) buildreq="autoconf 2.59
+$buildreq" ;;
+esac
+
+# When we can deduce that gnulib-tool will require patch,
+# and when patch is not already listed as a prerequisite, add it, too.
+if test ! -d "$local_gl_dir" \
+    || find "$local_gl_dir" -name '*.diff' -exec false {} +; then
+  :
+else
+  case $buildreq in
+    *patch*) ;;
+    *) buildreq="patch -
+$buildreq" ;;
+  esac
+fi
+
 if ! printf "$buildreq" | check_versions; then
   echo >&2
   if test -f README-prereq; then
@@ -574,7 +624,7 @@ if $bootstrap_sync; then
 fi
 
 gnulib_tool=$GNULIB_SRCDIR/gnulib-tool
-<$gnulib_tool || exit
+<$gnulib_tool || exit $?
 
 # Get translations.
 
@@ -583,6 +633,9 @@ download_po_files() {
   domain=$2
   echo "$me: getting translations into $subdir for $domain..."
   cmd=`printf "$po_download_command_format" "$domain" "$subdir"`
+  eval "$cmd" && return
+  # Fallback to HTTP.
+  cmd=`printf "$po_download_command_format2" "$subdir" "$domain"`
   eval "$cmd"
 }
 
@@ -703,56 +756,38 @@ symlink_to_dir()
   }
 }
 
-cp_mark_as_generated()
-{
-  cp_src=$1
-  cp_dst=$2
+# NOTE: we have to be careful to run both autopoint and libtoolize
+# before gnulib-tool, since gnulib-tool is likely to provide newer
+# versions of files "installed" by these two programs.
+# Then, *after* gnulib-tool (see below), we have to be careful to
+# run autoreconf in such a way that it does not run either of these
+# two just-pre-run programs.
 
-  if cmp -s "$cp_src" "$GNULIB_SRCDIR/$cp_dst"; then
-    symlink_to_dir "$GNULIB_SRCDIR" "$cp_dst"
-  elif cmp -s "$cp_src" "$local_gl_dir/$cp_dst"; then
-    symlink_to_dir $local_gl_dir "$cp_dst"
-  else
-    case $cp_dst in
-      *.[ch])             c1='/* '; c2=' */';;
-      *.texi)             c1='@c '; c2=     ;;
-      *.m4|*/Make*|Make*) c1='# ' ; c2=     ;;
-      *)                  c1=     ; c2=     ;;
-    esac
+# Import from gettext.
+with_gettext=yes
+grep '^[	 ]*AM_GNU_GETTEXT_VERSION(' configure.ac >/dev/null || \
+    with_gettext=no
 
-    # If the destination directory doesn't exist, create it.
-    # This is required at least for "lib/uniwidth/cjk.h".
-    dst_dir=`dirname "$cp_dst"`
-    test -d "$dst_dir" || mkdir -p "$dst_dir"
+if test $with_gettext = yes; then
+  # Released autopoint has the tendency to install macros that have been
+  # obsoleted in current gnulib, so run this before gnulib-tool.
+  echo "$0: $AUTOPOINT --force"
+  $AUTOPOINT --force || exit
+fi
 
-    if test -z "$c1"; then
-      cmp -s "$cp_src" "$cp_dst" || {
-        # Copy the file first to get proper permissions if it
-        # doesn't already exist.  Then overwrite the copy.
-        echo "$me: cp -f $cp_src $cp_dst" &&
-        rm -f "$cp_dst" &&
-        cp "$cp_src" "$cp_dst-t" &&
-        sed "s!$bt_regex/!!g" "$cp_src" > "$cp_dst-t" &&
-        mv -f "$cp_dst-t" "$cp_dst"
-      }
-    else
-      # Copy the file first to get proper permissions if it
-      # doesn't already exist.  Then overwrite the copy.
-      cp "$cp_src" "$cp_dst-t" &&
-      (
-        echo "$c1-*- buffer-read-only: t -*- vi: set ro:$c2" &&
-        echo "${c1}DO NOT EDIT! GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY!$c2" &&
-        sed "s!$bt_regex/!!g" "$cp_src"
-      ) > $cp_dst-t &&
-      if cmp -s "$cp_dst-t" "$cp_dst"; then
-        rm -f "$cp_dst-t"
-      else
-        echo "$me: cp $cp_src $cp_dst # with edits" &&
-        mv -f "$cp_dst-t" "$cp_dst"
-      fi
-    fi
-  fi
-}
+# Autoreconf runs aclocal before libtoolize, which causes spurious
+# warnings if the initial aclocal is confused by the libtoolized
+# (or worse out-of-date) macro directory.
+# libtoolize 1.9b added the --install option; but we support back
+# to libtoolize 1.5.22, where the install action was default.
+if test $use_libtool = 1; then
+  install=
+  case $($LIBTOOLIZE --help) in
+    *--install*) install=--install ;;
+  esac
+  echo "running: $LIBTOOLIZE $install --copy"
+  $LIBTOOLIZE $install --copy
+fi
 
 version_controlled_file() {
   dir=$1
@@ -771,83 +806,17 @@ version_controlled_file() {
   test $found = yes
 }
 
-slurp() {
-  for dir in . `(cd $1 && find * -type d -print)`; do
-    copied=
-    sep=
-    for file in `ls -a $1/$dir`; do
-      case $file in
-      .|..) continue;;
-      # FIXME: should all file names starting with "." be ignored?
-      .*) continue;;
-      esac
-      test -d $1/$dir/$file && continue
-      for excluded_file in $excluded_files; do
-        test "$dir/$file" = "$excluded_file" && continue 2
-      done
-      if test $file = Makefile.am && test "X$gnulib_mk" != XMakefile.am; then
-        copied=$copied${sep}$gnulib_mk; sep=$nl
-        remove_intl='/^[^#].*\/intl/s/^/#/;'"s!$bt_regex/!!g"
-        sed "$remove_intl" $1/$dir/$file |
-        cmp - $dir/$gnulib_mk > /dev/null || {
-          echo "$me: Copying $1/$dir/$file to $dir/$gnulib_mk ..." &&
-          rm -f $dir/$gnulib_mk &&
-          sed "$remove_intl" $1/$dir/$file >$dir/$gnulib_mk &&
-          gnulib_mk_hook $dir/$gnulib_mk
-        }
-      elif { test "${2+set}" = set && test -r $2/$dir/$file; } ||
-           version_controlled_file $dir $file; then
-        echo "$me: $dir/$file overrides $1/$dir/$file"
-      else
-        copied=$copied$sep$file; sep=$nl
-        cp_mark_as_generated $1/$dir/$file $dir/$file
-      fi || exit
-    done
-
-    for dot_ig in x $vc_ignore; do
-      test $dot_ig = x && continue
-      ig=$dir/$dot_ig
-      if test -n "$copied"; then
-        insert_vc_ignore $ig "$copied"
-        # If an ignored file name ends with .in.h, then also add
-        # the name with just ".h".  Many gnulib headers are generated,
-        # e.g., stdint.in.h -> stdint.h, dirent.in.h ->..., etc.
-        # Likewise for .gperf -> .h, .y -> .c, and .sin -> .sed
-        f=`echo "$copied" |
-          sed '
-            s/\.in\.h$/.h/
-            s/\.sin$/.sed/
-            s/\.y$/.c/
-            s/\.gperf$/.h/
-          '
-        `
-        insert_vc_ignore $ig "$f"
-
-        # For files like sys_stat.in.h and sys_time.in.h, record as
-        # ignorable the directory we might eventually create: sys/.
-        f=`echo "$copied"|sed 's/sys_.*\.in\.h$/sys/'`
-        insert_vc_ignore $ig "$f"
-      fi
-    done
-  done
-}
-
-
-# Create boot temporary directories to import from gnulib and gettext.
-rm -fr $bt $bt2 &&
-mkdir $bt $bt2 || exit
-
 # Import from gnulib.
 
 gnulib_tool_options="\
  --import\
  --no-changelog\
- --aux-dir $bt/$build_aux\
- --doc-base $bt/$doc_base\
+ --aux-dir $build_aux\
+ --doc-base $doc_base\
  --lib $gnulib_name\
- --m4-base $bt/$m4_base/\
- --source-base $bt/$source_base/\
- --tests-base $bt/$tests_base\
+ --m4-base $m4_base/\
+ --source-base $source_base/\
+ --tests-base $tests_base\
  --local-dir $local_gl_dir\
  $gnulib_tool_option_extras\
 "
@@ -859,25 +828,13 @@ if test $use_libtool = 1; then
 fi
 echo "$0: $gnulib_tool $gnulib_tool_options --import ..."
 $gnulib_tool $gnulib_tool_options --import $gnulib_modules &&
-slurp $bt || exit
 
 for file in $gnulib_files; do
   symlink_to_dir "$GNULIB_SRCDIR" $file || exit
 done
 
-
-# Import from gettext.
-with_gettext=yes
-grep '^[	 ]*AM_GNU_GETTEXT_VERSION(' configure.ac >/dev/null || \
-    with_gettext=no
-
-if test $with_gettext = yes; then
-  echo "$0: (cd $bt2; ${AUTOPOINT-autopoint}) ..."
-  cp configure.ac $bt2 &&
-  (cd $bt2 && ${AUTOPOINT-autopoint} && rm configure.ac) &&
-  slurp $bt2 $bt || exit
-fi
-rm -fr $bt $bt2 || exit
+bootstrap_post_import_hook \
+  || { echo >&2 "$me: bootstrap_post_import_hook failed"; exit 1; }
 
 # Remove any dangling symlink matching "*.m4" or "*.[ch]" in some
 # gnulib-populated directories.  Such .m4 files would cause aclocal to fail.
@@ -891,28 +848,21 @@ find "$m4_base" "$source_base" \
   -depth \( -name '*.m4' -o -name '*.[ch]' \) \
   -type l -xtype l -delete > /dev/null 2>&1
 
-# Reconfigure, getting other files.
-
-# Skip autoheader if it's not needed.
-grep -E '^[	 ]*AC_CONFIG_HEADERS?\>' configure.ac >/dev/null ||
-  AUTOHEADER=true
-
-for command in \
-  libtool \
-  "${ACLOCAL-aclocal} --force -I '$m4_base' $ACLOCAL_FLAGS" \
-  "${AUTOCONF-autoconf} --force" \
-  "${AUTOHEADER-autoheader} --force" \
-  "${AUTOMAKE-automake} --add-missing --copy --force-missing"
-do
-  if test "$command" = libtool; then
-    test $use_libtool = 0 \
-      && continue
-    command="${LIBTOOLIZE-libtoolize} -c -f"
-  fi
-  echo "$0: $command ..."
-  eval "$command" || exit
-done
+# Some systems (RHEL 5) are using ancient autotools, for which the
+# --no-recursive option had not been invented.  Detect that lack and
+# omit the option when it's not supported.  FIXME in 2017: remove this
+# hack when RHEL 5 autotools are updated, or when they become irrelevant.
+no_recursive=
+case $($AUTORECONF --help) in
+  *--no-recursive*) no_recursive=--no-recursive;;
+esac
 
+# Tell autoreconf not to invoke autopoint or libtoolize; they were run above.
+echo "running: AUTOPOINT=true LIBTOOLIZE=true " \
+    "$AUTORECONF --verbose --install $no_recursive -I $m4_base $ACLOCAL_FLAGS"
+AUTOPOINT=true LIBTOOLIZE=true \
+    $AUTORECONF --verbose --install $no_recursive -I $m4_base $ACLOCAL_FLAGS \
+  || exit 1
 
 # Get some extra files from gnulib, overriding existing files.
 for file in $gnulib_extra_files; do
@@ -939,6 +889,16 @@ if test $with_gettext = yes; then
     }
   ' po/Makevars.template >po/Makevars || exit 1
 
+  # If the 'gettext' module is in use, grab the latest Makefile.in.in.
+  # If only the 'gettext-h' module is in use, assume autopoint already
+  # put the correct version of this file into place.
+  case $gnulib_modules in
+  *gettext-h*) ;;
+  *gettext*)
+    cp $GNULIB_SRCDIR/build-aux/po/Makefile.in.in po/Makefile.in.in || exit 1
+    ;;
+  esac
+
   if test -d runtime-po; then
     # Similarly for runtime-po/Makevars, but not quite the same.
     rm -f runtime-po/Makevars

bootstrap.conf

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Bootstrap configuration.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2006-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -70,10 +70,14 @@ gnulib_modules="
   faccessat
   fadvise
   fchdir
+  fchmodat
+  fchownat
   fclose
   fcntl
   fcntl-safer
+  fdatasync
   fdl
+  fdopen
   fdutimensat
   file-type
   fileblocks
@@ -86,10 +90,12 @@ gnulib_modules="
   freopen
   freopen-safer
   fseeko
+  fstatat
   fsusage
   fsync
   ftello
   ftoastr
+  ftruncate
   fts
   full-read
   full-write
@@ -97,11 +103,12 @@ gnulib_modules="
   gethrxtime
   getline
   getloadavg
+  getlogin
   getndelim2
   getopt-gnu
   getpagesize
   getpass-gnu
-  gettext
+  gettext-h
   gettime
   gettimeofday
   getugroups
@@ -124,6 +131,7 @@ gnulib_modules="
   inttostr
   inttypes
   isapipe
+  isatty
   isblank
   largefile
   lchmod
@@ -152,6 +160,8 @@ gnulib_modules="
   mkancesdirs
   mkdir
   mkdir-p
+  mkfifo
+  mknod
   mkstemp
   mktime
   modechange
@@ -161,8 +171,10 @@ gnulib_modules="
   nproc
   obstack
   parse-datetime
+  pathmax
   perl
   physmem
+  pipe
   posix-shell
   posixtm
   posixver
@@ -206,12 +218,15 @@ gnulib_modules="
   stpncpy
   strdup-posix
   strftime
+  strncat
+  strpbrk
   strsignal
   strtod
   strtoimax
   strtoumax
   symlink
   sys_ioctl
+  sys_resource
   sys_stat
   sys_wait
   termios
@@ -222,6 +237,7 @@ gnulib_modules="
   unicodeio
   unistd-safer
   unlink-busy
+  unlinkat
   unlocked-io
   unsetenv
   update-copyright
@@ -235,8 +251,8 @@ gnulib_modules="
   verify
   verror
   version-etc-fsf
-  wcwidth
   wcswidth
+  wcwidth
   winsz-ioctl
   winsz-termios
   write-any-file
@@ -286,11 +302,13 @@ XGETTEXT_OPTIONS=$XGETTEXT_OPTIONS'\\\
  --keyword=proper_name_utf8:1,'"$see_manual"'\\\
 '
 
-gnulib_tool_option_extras="--tests-base=$bt/gnulib-tests --with-tests"
+gnulib_tool_option_extras="--tests-base=gnulib-tests --with-tests --symlink\
+ --makefile-name=gnulib.mk
+"
 
 # Build prerequisites
 buildreq="\
-autoconf   2.62
+autoconf   2.64
 automake   1.11.1
 autopoint  -
 bison      -
@@ -311,11 +329,6 @@ touch ChangeLog || exit 1
 
 bootstrap_epilogue()
 {
-  # Change paths in gnulib-tests/gnulib.mk from "../.." to "..".
-  m=gnulib-tests/gnulib.mk
-  sed 's,\.\./\.\.,..,g' $m > $m-t
-  mv -f $m-t $m
-
   # Since this is a "GNU" package, replace this line
   #   if LC_ALL=C grep 'GNU @PACKAGE@' $(top_srcdir)/* 2>/dev/null \
   #      | grep -v 'libtool:' >/dev/null; then
@@ -326,4 +339,18 @@ bootstrap_epilogue()
   # first grep may well run out of memory.
   perl -pi -e 's/if LC_ALL=C grep .GNU .PACKAGE.*; then/if true; then/' \
     po/Makefile.in.in
+
+  # Install our git hooks, as long as "cp" accepts the --backup option,
+  # so that we can back up any existing files.
+  case $(cp --help) in *--backup*) backup=1;; *) backup=0;; esac
+  if test $backup = 1; then
+    hooks=$(cd scripts/git-hooks && git ls-files)
+    for f in $hooks; do
+      # If it is identical, skip it.
+      cmp scripts/git-hooks/$f .git/hooks/$f > /dev/null \
+        && continue
+      cp --backup=numbered scripts/git-hooks/$f .git/hooks
+      chmod a-w .git/hooks/$f
+    done
+  fi
 }

build-aux/ChangeLog-2007

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

build-aux/git-log-fix

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# This file is expected to be used via gitlog-to-changelog's --amend=FILE
+# option.  It specifies what changes to make to each given SHA1's commit
+# log and metadata, using Perl-eval'able expressions.
+
+3a169f4c5d9159283548178668d2fae6fced3030
+# fix title:
+s/all tile types/all file types/
+
+e181802521d4e19e367dbe8cfa877296bb5dafb2
+# fix the title!
+s,seq:,factor:,
+
+3ece0355d52e41a1b079c0c46477a32250278c11
+# correct the URL
+s,<http.+?>,<http://bugs.debian.org/412688>,
+
+# This is wrong now only in the git log.  The ChangeLog-2008
+# entry was also erroneous, but has been corrected.
+# ed5c4e770a27862813c0182be8680abeb005d15b
+# # Wrong bug ID:
+# s,/363011,/350541,
+# # in this:
+# # Suggested by Josselin Mouette in <http://bugs.debian.org/363011>
+
+# This was wrong only in the git log.  The ChangeLog entry was
+# is from 2007, and so was recorded (correctly) in ChangeLog-2007.
+# 1379ed974f1fa39b12e2ffab18b3f7a607082202
+# # Due to a bug in vc-dwim, I mis-attributed a patch by Paul to myself.
+# # Change the author to be Paul.  Note the escaped "@":
+# s,Jim .*>,Paul Eggert <eggert\@cs.ucla.edu>,
+
+209850fd7e1e89cf8937310878bd22d70e3588a5
+s/isspace/isblank/
+# in this:
+# * tests/misc/uniq: New file.  Test for the above, but only
+# when isspace(0240).
+
+760bc6f7e73014e934a744a9d46ea8dbf5ba25c8
+s/Now, each/Now, the/;
+s!(elicits.*)\.!first $1, and the second works properly.!
+# change the log from this:
+#   Without this, `truncate -s '> -1' F` would truncate F to length 0,
+#   and `truncate -s " +1" F` would truncate F to 1 byte.  Now, each
+#   elicits a diagnostic.
+# to this:
+#   Without this, `truncate -s '> -1' F` would truncate F to length 0,
+#   and `truncate -s " +1" F` would truncate F to 1 byte.  Now, the
+#   first elicits a diagnostic, and the second works properly.
+
+# Credit initial reporter of a related issue, now that the BZ is public.
+1e18d8416f9ef43bf08982cabe54220587061a08
+s,by ,by Nao Nishijima in http://bugzilla.redhat.com/766461\nand by ,

cfg.mk

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Customize maint.mk                           -*- makefile -*-
-# Copyright (C) 2003-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@
 # Used in maint.mk's web-manual rule
 manual_title = Core GNU utilities
 
+# Use the direct link.  This is guaranteed to work immediately, while
+# it can take a while for the faster mirror links to become usable.
+url_dir_list = http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/$(PACKAGE)
+
 # Tests not to run as part of "make distcheck".
 local-checks-to-skip = \
   sc_texinfo_acronym
@@ -27,7 +31,21 @@ bootstrap-tools = autoconf,automake,gnulib,bison
 # Now that we have better tests, make this the default.
 export VERBOSE = yes
 
-old_NEWS_hash = d491296a7e0e2269b2b96dc4bd5f77a8
+# Comparing tarball sizes compressed using different xz presets, we see that
+# an -8e-compressed tarball is only 9KiB larger than the -9e-compressed one.
+# Using -8e is preferred, since that lets the decompression process use half
+# the memory (32MiB rather than 64MiB).
+# $ for i in {7,8,9}{e,}; do \
+#     (n=$(xz -$i < coreutils-8.15*.tar|wc -c);echo $n $i) & done |sort -nr
+# 5129388 7
+# 5036524 7e
+# 5017476 8
+# 5010604 9
+# 4923016 8e
+# 4914152 9e
+export XZ_OPT = -8e
+
+old_NEWS_hash = d2ba572c2f1135b74e24ea3fb20e674e
 
 # Add an exemption for sc_makefile_at_at_check.
 _makefile_at_at_check_exceptions = ' && !/^cu_install_program =/'
@@ -66,7 +84,7 @@ ifneq ($(wildcard $(dd_c)),)
 	fi
 endif
 
-# Many m4 macros names once began with `jm_'.
+# Many m4 macros names once began with 'jm_'.
 # On 2004-04-13, they were all changed to start with gl_ instead.
 # Make sure that none are inadvertently reintroduced.
 sc_prohibit_jm_in_m4:
@@ -182,6 +200,18 @@ sc_no_exec_perl_coreutils:
 	      exit 1; } || :;						\
 	fi
 
+# With split lines, don't leave an operator at end of line.
+# Instead, put it on the following line, where it is more apparent.
+# Don't bother checking for "*" at end of line, since it provokes
+# far too many false positives, matching constructs like "TYPE *".
+# Similarly, omit "=" (initializers).
+binop_re_ ?= [-/+^!<>]|[-/+*^!<>=]=|&&?|\|\|?|<<=?|>>=?
+sc_prohibit_operator_at_end_of_line:
+	@prohibit='. ($(binop_re_))$$'					\
+	in_vc_files='\.[chly]$$'					\
+	halt='found operator at end of line'				\
+	  $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
 # Don't use "readlink" or "readlinkat" directly
 sc_prohibit_readlink:
 	@prohibit='\<readlink(at)? \('					\
@@ -241,6 +271,15 @@ sc_prohibit_fail_0:
 	halt='fail=0 initialization'					\
 	  $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
+# The mode part of a setfacl -m option argument must be three bytes long.
+# I.e., an argument of user:bin:rw or user:bin:r will make Solaris 10's
+# setfacl reject it with: "Unrecognized character found in mode field".
+# Use hyphens to give it a length of 3: "...:rw-" or "...:r--".
+sc_prohibit_short_facl_mode_spec:
+	@prohibit='\<setfacl .*-m.*:.*:[rwx-]{1,2} '			\
+	halt='setfacl mode string length < 3; extend with hyphen(s)'	\
+	  $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
 # Ensure that "stdio--.h" is used where appropriate.
 sc_require_stdio_safer:
 	@if $(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep -l '\.[ch]$$' > /dev/null; then	\
@@ -276,6 +315,32 @@ sc_prohibit_framework_failure:
 	halt='use framework_failure_ instead'				\
 	  $(_sc_search_regexp)
 
+# Prohibit the use of `...` in tests/.  Use $(...) instead.
+sc_prohibit_test_backticks:
+	@prohibit='`' in_vc_files='^tests/'				\
+	halt='use $$(...), not `...` in tests/'				\
+	  $(_sc_search_regexp)
+
+# Exempt the contents of any usage function from the following.
+_continued_string_col_1 = \
+s/^usage .*?\n}//ms;/\\\n\w/ and print ("$$ARGV\n"),$$e=1;END{$$e||=0;exit $$e}
+# Ding any source file that has a continued string with an alphabetic in the
+# first column of the following line.  We prohibit them because they usually
+# trigger false positives in tools that try to map an arbitrary line number
+# to the enclosing function name.  Of course, very many strings do precisely
+# this, *when they are part of the usage function*.  That is why we exempt
+# the contents of any function named "usage".
+sc_prohibit_continued_string_alpha_in_column_1:
+	@perl -0777 -ne '$(_continued_string_col_1)' \
+	    $$($(VC_LIST_EXCEPT) | grep '\.[ch]$$') \
+	  || { echo '$(ME): continued string with word in first column' \
+		1>&2; exit 1; } || :
+# Use this to list offending lines:
+# git ls-files |grep '\.[ch]$' | xargs \
+#   perl -n -0777 -e 's/^usage.*?\n}//ms;/\\\n\w/ and print "$ARGV\n"' \
+#     | xargs grep -A1 '\\$'|grep '\.[ch][:-][_a-zA-Z]'
+
+
 ###########################################################
 _p0 = \([^"'/]\|"\([^\"]\|[\].\)*"\|'\([^\']\|[\].\)*'
 _pre = $(_p0)\|[/][^"'/*]\|[/]"\([^\"]\|[\].\)*"\|[/]'\([^\']\|[\].\)*'\)*
@@ -355,7 +420,8 @@ announcement_Cc_ = $(translation_project_), \
 -include $(srcdir)/dist-check.mk
 
 update-copyright-env = \
-  UPDATE_COPYRIGHT_USE_INTERVALS=1 \
+  UPDATE_COPYRIGHT_FORCE=1 \
+  UPDATE_COPYRIGHT_USE_INTERVALS=2 \
   UPDATE_COPYRIGHT_MAX_LINE_LENGTH=79
 
 # List syntax-check exemptions.
@@ -375,7 +441,8 @@ exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_require_config_h = \
   $(exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_require_config_h_first)
 
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_po_check = ^gl/
-exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_always-defined_macros = ^src/seq\.c$$
+exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_always-defined_macros = \
+  ^src/(seq|remove)\.c$$
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_empty_lines_at_EOF = ^tests/pr/
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_program_name = ^(gl/.*|lib/euidaccess-stat)\.c$$
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_file_system = \
@@ -383,13 +450,25 @@ exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_file_system = \
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_always_true_header_tests = \
   ^m4/stat-prog\.m4$$
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_fail_0 = \
-  (^tests/init\.sh|Makefile\.am|\.mk)$$
+  (^scripts/git-hooks/commit-msg|^tests/init\.sh|Makefile\.am|\.mk)$$
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_atoi_atof = ^lib/euidaccess-stat\.c$$
+
+tbi_1 = ^tests/pr/|(^gl/lib/reg.*\.c\.diff|Makefile(\.am)?|\.mk|^man/help2man)$$
+tbi_2 = ^scripts/git-hooks/(pre-commit|pre-applypatch|applypatch-msg)$$
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_tab_based_indentation = \
-  ^tests/pr/|(^gl/lib/reg.*\.c\.diff|Makefile(\.am)?|\.mk|^man/help2man)$$
+  $(tbi_1)|$(tbi_2)
+
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_preprocessor_indentation = \
   ^(gl/lib/rand-isaac\.[ch]|gl/tests/test-rand-isaac\.c)$$
-
-
 exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_stat_st_blocks = \
   ^(src/system\.h|tests/du/2g)$$
+
+exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_continued_string_alpha_in_column_1 = \
+  ^src/(system\.h|od\.c|printf\.c)$$
+
+exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_test_backticks = \
+  ^tests/(init\.sh|check\.mk|misc/stdbuf)$$
+
+# Exempt test.c, since it's nominally shared, and relatively static.
+exclude_file_name_regexp--sc_prohibit_operator_at_end_of_line = \
+  ^src/(ptx|test|head)\.c$$

configure.ac

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # -*- autoconf -*-
 # Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 
-# Copyright (C) 1991, 1993-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1991-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,9 +32,23 @@ AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/ls.c])
 AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux])
 AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([lib/config.h:lib/config.hin])
 
-AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([1.11.1 dist-xz color-tests parallel-tests])
+AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([1.11.1 no-dist-gzip dist-xz color-tests parallel-tests])
 AM_SILENT_RULES([yes]) # make --enable-silent-rules the default.
 
+dnl POSIXCHECK is worthwhile for maintainers, but adds several seconds
+dnl (more than 10% execution time) to ./configure, with no benefit for
+dnl most users.  Using it to look for bugs requires:
+dnl   GNULIB_POSIXCHECK=1 autoreconf -f
+dnl   ./configure
+dnl   make
+dnl   make -C src clean
+dnl   make CFLAGS=-DGNULIB_POSIXCHECK=1
+dnl FIXME: Once we figure out how to avoid false positives, we should
+dnl have 'make my-distcheck' in dist-check.mk exercise this.
+m4_syscmd([test "${GNULIB_POSIXCHECK+set}" = set])
+m4_if(m4_sysval, [0], [], [dnl
+gl_ASSERT_NO_GNULIB_POSIXCHECK])
+
 AC_PROG_CC_STDC
 AM_PROG_CC_C_O
 AC_PROG_CPP
@@ -56,6 +70,24 @@ AC_ARG_ENABLE([gcc-warnings],
   [gl_gcc_warnings=no]
 )
 
+# gl_GCC_VERSION_IFELSE([major], [minor], [run-if-found], [run-if-not-found])
+# ------------------------------------------------
+# If $CPP is gcc-MAJOR.MINOR or newer, then run RUN-IF-FOUND.
+# Otherwise, run RUN-IF-NOT-FOUND.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_GCC_VERSION_IFELSE],
+  [AC_PREPROC_IFELSE(
+    [AC_LANG_PROGRAM(
+      [[
+#if ($1) < __GNUC__ || (($1) == __GNUC__ && ($2) <= __GNUC_MINOR__)
+/* ok */
+#else
+# error "your version of gcc is older than $1.$2"
+#endif
+      ]]),
+    ], [$3], [$4])
+  ]
+)
+
 if test "$gl_gcc_warnings" = yes; then
   gl_WARN_ADD([-Werror], [WERROR_CFLAGS])
   AC_SUBST([WERROR_CFLAGS])
@@ -102,8 +134,15 @@ if test "$gl_gcc_warnings" = yes; then
   gl_WARN_ADD([-Wno-sign-compare])     # Too many warnings for now
   gl_WARN_ADD([-Wno-unused-parameter]) # Too many warnings for now
   gl_WARN_ADD([-Wsuggest-attribute=const])
-  gl_WARN_ADD([-Wsuggest-attribute=pure])
   gl_WARN_ADD([-Wsuggest-attribute=noreturn])
+  gl_WARN_ADD([-Wno-format-nonliteral])
+
+  # Enable this warning only with gcc-4.7 and newer.  With 4.6.2 20111027,
+  # it suggests test.c's advance function may be pure, even though it
+  # increments a global variable.  Oops.
+  # Normally we'd write code to test for the precise failure, but that
+  # requires a relatively large input to make gcc exhibit the failure.
+  gl_GCC_VERSION_IFELSE([4], [7], [gl_WARN_ADD([-Wsuggest-attribute=pure])])
 
   # In spite of excluding -Wlogical-op above, it is enabled, as of
   # gcc 4.5.0 20090517, and it provokes warnings in cat.c, dd.c, truncate.c
@@ -127,15 +166,18 @@ if test "$gl_gcc_warnings" = yes; then
   nw="$nw -Wunused-macros"
   nw="$nw -Wmissing-prototypes"
   nw="$nw -Wold-style-definition"
-  # FIXME: remove/reenable the following two, once gnulib is adjusted.
-  nw="$nw -Wsuggest-attribute=const"
-  nw="$nw -Wsuggest-attribute=pure"
+  # FIXME: it may be easy to remove this, since it affects only one file:
+  # the snprintf call at ftoastr.c:132.
+  nw="$nw -Wdouble-promotion"
   gl_MANYWARN_COMPLEMENT([GNULIB_WARN_CFLAGS], [$WARN_CFLAGS], [$nw])
   AC_SUBST([GNULIB_WARN_CFLAGS])
 
   # For gnulib-tests, the set is slightly smaller still.
   nw=
   nw="$nw -Wstrict-prototypes"
+  # It's not worth being this picky about test programs.
+  nw="$nw -Wsuggest-attribute=const"
+  nw="$nw -Wsuggest-attribute=pure"
   gl_MANYWARN_COMPLEMENT([GNULIB_TEST_WARN_CFLAGS],
                          [$GNULIB_WARN_CFLAGS], [$nw])
   AC_SUBST([GNULIB_TEST_WARN_CFLAGS])

dist-check.mk

@@ -96,43 +96,6 @@ define my-instcheck
     }
 endef
 
-# The hard-linking for-loop below ensures that there is a bin/ directory
-# full of all of the programs under test (except the ones that are required
-# for basic Makefile rules), all symlinked to the just-built "false" program.
-# This is to ensure that if ever a test neglects to make PATH include
-# the build srcdir, these always-failing programs will run.
-# Otherwise, it is too easy to test the wrong programs.
-# Note that "false" itself is a symlink to true, so it too will malfunction.
-define coreutils-path-check
-  {							\
-    echo running coreutils-path-check;			\
-    if test -f $(srcdir)/src/true.c; then		\
-      fail=1;						\
-      mkdir $(bin)					\
-	&& ($(write_loser)) > $(bin)/loser		\
-	&& chmod a+x $(bin)/loser			\
-	&& for i in $(built_programs); do		\
-	       case $$i in				\
-		 rm|expr|basename|echo|sort|ls|tr);;	\
-		 cat|dirname|mv|wc);;			\
-		 *) ln $(bin)/loser $(bin)/$$i;;	\
-	       esac;					\
-	     done					\
-	  && ln -sf ../src/true $(bin)/false		\
-	  && PATH=`pwd`/$(bin)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$PATH	\
-		$(MAKE) -C tests check			\
-	  && { test -d gnulib-tests			\
-		 && $(MAKE) -C gnulib-tests check	\
-		 || :; }				\
-	  && rm -rf $(bin)				\
-	  && fail=0;					\
-    else						\
-      fail=0;						\
-    fi;							\
-    test $$fail = 1 && exit 1 || :;			\
-  }
-endef
-
 # Use this to make sure we don't run these programs when building
 # from a virgin compressed tarball file, below.
 null_AM_MAKEFLAGS ?= \
@@ -156,7 +119,6 @@ my-distcheck: $(DIST_ARCHIVES) $(local-check)
 	  $(MAKE) dvi;					\
 	  $(install-transform-check);			\
 	  $(my-instcheck);				\
-	  $(coreutils-path-check);			\
 	  $(MAKE) distclean				\
 	)
 	(cd $(t) && mv $(distdir) $(distdir).old	\

doc/ChangeLog-2007

@@ -2002,7 +2002,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2001-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

doc/Makefile.am

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Make coreutils documentation.				-*-Makefile-*-
 
-# Copyright (C) 1995-1998, 2001-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1995-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ sc-avoid-path:
 	  && fail=1;							\
 	exit $$fail
 
-# Use `time zone', not `timezone'.
+# Use "time zone", not "timezone".
 sc-avoid-timezone:
 	$(AM_V_GEN)$(EGREP) timezone $(srcdir)/*.texi && exit 1 || :
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ sc-avoid-io:
 sc-avoid-non-zero:
 	$(AM_V_GEN)$(EGREP) non-zero $(srcdir)/*.texi && exit 1 || :
 
-# Use `zeros', not `zeroes' (nothing wrong with `zeroes'. just be consistent).
+# Use "zeros", not "zeroes" (nothing wrong with "zeroes"; just be consistent).
 sc-avoid-zeroes:
 	$(AM_V_GEN)$(EGREP) -i '$(_W)zeroes$(W_)' $(srcdir)/*.texi \
 	  && exit 1 || :

doc/coreutils.texi

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 @dircategory Basics
 @direntry
 * Coreutils: (coreutils).       Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities.
-* Common options: (coreutils)Common options.      Common options.
+* Common options: (coreutils)Common options.
 * File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions.  Access modes.
 * Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats.
 @end direntry
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@
 * ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation.               Produce permuted indexes.
 * pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation.               Print working directory.
 * readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation.     Print referent of a symlink.
+* realpath: (coreutils)readpath invocation.     Print resolved file names.
 * rm: (coreutils)rm invocation.                 Remove files.
 * rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation.           Remove empty directories.
 * runcon: (coreutils)runcon invocation.         Run in specified SELinux CTX.
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@
 This manual documents version @value{VERSION} of the @sc{gnu} core
 utilities, including the standard programs for text and file manipulation.
 
-Copyright @copyright{} 1994-1996, 2000-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright @copyright{} 1994-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 @quotation
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ Free Documentation License''.
 * Printing text::                echo printf yes
 * Conditions::                   false true test expr
 * Redirection::                  tee
-* File name manipulation::       dirname basename pathchk mktemp
+* File name manipulation::       dirname basename pathchk mktemp realpath
 * Working context::              pwd stty printenv tty
 * User information::             id logname whoami groups users who
 * System context::               date arch nproc uname hostname hostid uptime
@@ -381,6 +382,7 @@ File name manipulation
 * dirname invocation::           Strip last file name component
 * pathchk invocation::           Check file name validity and portability
 * mktemp invocation::            Create temporary file or directory
+* realpath invocation::          Print resolved file names
 
 Working context
 
@@ -901,10 +903,10 @@ A block size specification can be a positive integer specifying the number
 of bytes per block, or it can be @code{human-readable} or @code{si} to
 select a human-readable format.  Integers may be followed by suffixes
 that are upward compatible with the
-@uref{http://www.bipm.fr/enus/3_SI/si-prefixes.html, SI prefixes}
+@uref{http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter3/prefixes.html, SI prefixes}
 for decimal multiples and with the
-@uref{http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html, IEC 60027-2
-prefixes for binary multiples}.
+@uref{http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html, ISO/IEC 80000-13
+(formerly IEC 60027-2) prefixes} for binary multiples.
 
 With human-readable formats, output sizes are followed by a size letter
 such as @samp{M} for megabytes.  @code{BLOCK_SIZE=human-readable} uses
@@ -946,7 +948,7 @@ kilobyte: @math{10^3 = 1000}.
 @itemx KiB
 @cindex kibibyte, definition of
 kibibyte: @math{2^{10} = 1024}.  @samp{K} is special: the SI prefix is
-@samp{k} and the IEC 60027-2 prefix is @samp{Ki}, but tradition and
+@samp{k} and the ISO/IEC 80000-13 prefix is @samp{Ki}, but tradition and
 @acronym{POSIX} use @samp{k} to mean @samp{KiB}.
 @item MB
 @cindex megabyte, definition of
@@ -989,14 +991,12 @@ zettabyte: @math{10^{21} = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000}
 @item Z
 @itemx ZiB
 @math{2^{70} = 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424}.
-(@samp{Zi} is a @acronym{GNU} extension to IEC 60027-2.)
 @item YB
 @cindex yottabyte, definition of
 yottabyte: @math{10^{24} = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000}.
 @item Y
 @itemx YiB
 @math{2^{80} = 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176}.
-(@samp{Yi} is a @acronym{GNU} extension to IEC 60027-2.)
 @end table
 
 @opindex -k
@@ -1327,7 +1327,7 @@ other parts of that standard.
 @cindex symbolic link to directory, controlling traversal of
 
 The following options modify how @command{chown} and @command{chgrp}
-@c FIXME: note that `du' has these options, too, but they have slightly
+@c FIXME: note that 'du' has these options, too, but they have slightly
 @c different meaning.
 traverse a hierarchy when the @option{--recursive} (@option{-R})
 option is also specified.
@@ -2203,9 +2203,15 @@ between sentences to two spaces.
 @opindex -@var{width}
 @opindex -w
 @opindex --width
-Fill output lines up to @var{width} characters (default 75).  @command{fmt}
-initially tries to make lines about 7% shorter than this, to give it
-room to balance line lengths.
+Fill output lines up to @var{width} characters (default 75 or @var{goal}
+plus 10, if @var{goal} is provided).
+
+@itemx -g @var{goal}
+@itemx --goal=@var{goal}
+@opindex -g
+@opindex --goal
+@command{fmt} initially tries to make lines @var{goal} characters wide.
+By default, this is 7% shorter than @var{width}.
 
 @item -p @var{prefix}
 @itemx --prefix=@var{prefix}
@@ -2299,8 +2305,8 @@ The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
 
 @item +@var{first_page}[:@var{last_page}]
 @itemx --pages=@var{first_page}[:@var{last_page}]
-@c The two following @opindex lines evoke warnings because they contain `:'
-@c The `info' spec does not permit that.  If we use those lines, we end
+@c The two following @opindex lines evoke warnings because they contain ':'
+@c The 'info' spec does not permit that.  If we use those lines, we end
 @c up with truncated index entries that don't work.
 @c @opindex +@var{first_page}[:@var{last_page}]
 @c @opindex --pages=@var{first_page}[:@var{last_page}]
@@ -2360,7 +2366,7 @@ Double space the output.
 @cindex time formats
 @cindex formatting times
 Format header dates using @var{format}, using the same conventions as
-for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}; @xref{date invocation}.
+for the command @samp{date +@var{format}}.  @xref{date invocation}.
 Except for directives, which start with
 @samp{%}, characters in @var{format} are printed unchanged.  You can use
 this option to specify an arbitrary string in place of the header date,
@@ -2518,7 +2524,7 @@ three column options (@option{-COLUMN}|@option{-a -COLUMN}|@option{-m}) unless
 @option{-w} is set.  This is a @acronym{POSIX}-compliant formulation.
 
 
-@item -S@var{string}
+@item -S[@var{string}]
 @itemx --sep-string[=@var{string}]
 @opindex -S
 @opindex --sep-string
@@ -2528,8 +2534,8 @@ does not affect line truncation or column alignment.
 Without @option{-S}, and with @option{-J}, @command{pr} uses the default output
 separator, TAB@.
 Without @option{-S} or @option{-J}, @command{pr} uses a @samp{space}
-(same as @option{-S"@w{ }"}).  @option{--sep-string} with no
-@samp{=@var{string}} is equivalent to @option{--sep-string=""}.
+(same as @option{-S"@w{ }"}).
+If no @samp{@var{string}} argument is specified, @samp{""} is assumed.
 
 @item -t
 @itemx --omit-header
@@ -2990,8 +2996,15 @@ The output files' names consist of @var{prefix} (@samp{x} by default)
 followed by a group of characters (@samp{aa}, @samp{ab}, @dots{} by
 default), such that concatenating the output files in traditional
 sorted order by file name produces the original input file (except
-@option{-r}).  If the output file names are exhausted, @command{split}
-reports an error without deleting the output files that it did create.
+@option{-nr/@var{n}}).  By default split will initially create files
+with two generated suffix characters, and will increase this width by two
+when the next most significant position reaches the last character.
+(@samp{yz}, @samp{zaaa}, @samp{zaab}, @dots{}).  In this way an arbitrary
+number of output files are supported, which sort as described above,
+even in the presence of an @option{--additional-suffix} option.
+If the @option{-a} option is specified and the output file names are
+exhausted, @command{split} reports an error without deleting the
+output files that it did create.
 
 The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
 
@@ -3040,7 +3053,7 @@ xz -dc BIG.xz | split -b200G --filter='xz > $FILE.xz' - big-
 @end example
 
 Assuming a 10:1 compression ratio, that would create about fifty 20GiB files
-with names @file{big-xaa.xz}, @file{big-xab.xz}, @file{big-xac.xz}, etc.
+with names @file{big-aa.xz}, @file{big-ab.xz}, @file{big-ac.xz}, etc.
 
 @item -n @var{chunks}
 @itemx --number=@var{chunks}
@@ -3081,13 +3094,26 @@ and so can be a pipe for example.
 @itemx --suffix-length=@var{length}
 @opindex -a
 @opindex --suffix-length
-Use suffixes of length @var{length}.  The default @var{length} is 2.
+Use suffixes of length @var{length}.  If a @var{length} of 0 is specified,
+this is the same as if (any previous) @option{-a} was not specified, and
+thus enables the default behavior, which starts the suffix length at 2,
+and unless @option{-n} or @option{--numeric-suffixes=@var{from}} is
+specified, will auto increase the length by 2 as required.
 
 @item -d
-@itemx --numeric-suffixes
+@itemx --numeric-suffixes[=@var{from}]
 @opindex -d
 @opindex --numeric-suffixes
-Use digits in suffixes rather than lower-case letters.
+Use digits in suffixes rather than lower-case letters.  The numerical
+suffix counts from @var{from} if specified, 0 otherwise.
+Note specifying a @var{from} value also disables the default
+auto suffix length expansion described above, and so you may also
+want to specify @option{-a} to allow suffixes beyond @samp{99}.
+
+@itemx --additional-suffix=@var{suffix}
+@opindex --additional-suffix
+Append an additional @var{suffix} to output file names. @var{suffix}
+must not contain slash.
 
 @item -e
 @itemx --elide-empty-files
@@ -3612,7 +3638,7 @@ md5sum [@var{option}]@dots{} [@var{file}]@dots{}
 @end example
 
 For each @var{file}, @samp{md5sum} outputs the MD5 checksum, a flag
-indicating a binary or text input file, and the file name.
+indicating binary or text input mode, and the file name.
 If @var{file} contains a backslash or newline, the
 line is started with a backslash, and each problematic character in
 the file name is escaped with a backslash, making the output
@@ -3631,7 +3657,7 @@ The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
 Treat each input file as binary, by reading it in binary mode and
 outputting a @samp{*} flag.  This is the inverse of @option{--text}.
 On systems like @acronym{GNU} that do not distinguish between binary
-and text files, this option merely flags each input file as binary:
+and text files, this option merely flags each input mode as binary:
 the MD5 checksum is unaffected.  This option is the default on systems
 like MS-DOS that distinguish between binary and text files, except
 for reading standard input when standard input is a terminal.
@@ -3645,7 +3671,7 @@ The input to this mode of @command{md5sum} is usually the output of
 a prior, checksum-generating run of @samp{md5sum}.
 Each valid line of input consists of an MD5 checksum, a binary/text
 flag, and then a file name.
-Binary files are marked with @samp{*}, text with @samp{ }.
+Binary mode is indicated with @samp{*}, text with @samp{ } (space).
 For each such line, @command{md5sum} reads the named file and computes its
 MD5 checksum.  Then, if the computed message digest does not match the
 one on the line with the file name, the file is noted as having
@@ -4362,7 +4388,7 @@ sort -n -r
 @end example
 
 @item
-Run no more that 4 sorts concurrently, using a buffer size of 10M.
+Run no more than 4 sorts concurrently, using a buffer size of 10M.
 
 @example
 sort --parallel=4 -S 10M
@@ -4813,7 +4839,7 @@ contains lines unique to @var{file1}, column two contains lines unique
 to @var{file2}, and column three contains lines common to both files.
 Columns are separated by a single TAB character.
 @c FIXME: when there's an option to supply an alternative separator
-@c string, append `by default' to the above sentence.
+@c string, append "by default" to the above sentence.
 
 @opindex -1
 @opindex -2
@@ -4884,7 +4910,7 @@ all @sc{gnu} extensions and reverts to traditional mode, thus introducing some
 limitations and changing several of the program's default option values.
 When @option{-G} is not specified, @sc{gnu} extensions are always enabled.
 @sc{gnu} extensions to @command{ptx} are documented wherever appropriate in this
-document.  For the full list, see @xref{Compatibility in ptx}.
+document.  @xref{Compatibility in ptx}, for the full list.
 
 Individual options are explained in the following sections.
 
@@ -5021,8 +5047,9 @@ if it is listed in the Only file and not in the Ignore file.
 
 On each input line, the leading sequence of non-white space characters will be
 taken to be a reference that has the purpose of identifying this input
-line in the resulting permuted index.  For more information about reference
-production, see @xref{Output formatting in ptx}.
+line in the resulting permuted index.
+@xref{Output formatting in ptx},
+for more information about reference production.
 Using this option changes the default value for option @option{-S}.
 
 Using this option, the program does not try very hard to remove
@@ -7127,10 +7154,19 @@ Append @samp{*} for executable regular files, otherwise behave as for
 @end table
 
 @item -k
+@itemx --kibibytes
 @opindex -k
-Print file sizes in 1024-byte blocks, overriding the default block
-size (@pxref{Block size}).
-This option is equivalent to @option{--block-size=1K}.
+@opindex --kibibytes
+Set the default block size to its normal value of 1024 bytes,
+overriding any contrary specification in environment variables
+(@pxref{Block size}).  This option is in turn overridden by the
+@option{--block-size}, @option{-h} or @option{--human-readable}, and
+@option{--si} options.
+
+The @option{-k} or @option{--kibibytes} option affects the
+per-directory block count written by the @option{-l} and similar
+options, and the size written by the @option{-s} or @option{--size}
+option.  It does not affect the file size written by @option{-l}.
 
 @item -m
 @itemx --format=commas
@@ -7192,6 +7228,7 @@ a date like @samp{Mar 30@ @ 2002} for non-recent timestamps, and a
 date-without-year and time like @samp{Mar 30 23:45} for recent timestamps.
 This format can change depending on the current locale as detailed below.
 
+@cindex clock skew
 A timestamp is considered to be @dfn{recent} if it is less than six
 months old, and is not dated in the future.  If a timestamp dated
 today is not listed in recent form, the timestamp is in the future,
@@ -7391,7 +7428,7 @@ locale.
 @c Use @t instead of @samp to avoid duplicate quoting in some output styles.
 Quote strings as for C character string literals, except use
 surrounding quotation marks appropriate for the locale, and quote
-@t{`like this'} instead of @t{"like
+@t{'like this'} instead of @t{"like
 this"} in the default C locale.  This looks nicer on many displays.
 @end table
 
@@ -7444,7 +7481,7 @@ terminal for color output from @command{ls} (and @command{dir}, etc.).
 Typical usage:
 
 @example
-eval "`dircolors [@var{option}]@dots{} [@var{file}]`"
+eval "$(dircolors [@var{option}]@dots{} [@var{file}])"
 @end example
 
 If @var{file} is specified, @command{dircolors} reads it to determine which
@@ -7619,9 +7656,9 @@ Equivalent to @option{-dR --preserve=all} with the reduced diagnostics.
 
 @itemx --attributes-only
 @opindex --attributes-only
-Preserve the specified attributes of the original files in the copy,
-but do not copy any data.  See the @option{--preserve} option for
-controlling which attributes to copy.
+Copy only the specified attributes of the source file to the destination.
+If the destination already exists, do not alter its contents.
+See the @option{--preserve} option for controlling which attributes to copy.
 
 @item -b
 @itemx @w{@kbd{--backup}[=@var{method}]}
@@ -8047,18 +8084,24 @@ When converting variable-length records to fixed-length ones
 (@option{conv=block}) or the reverse (@option{conv=unblock}),
 use @var{bytes} as the fixed record length.
 
-@item skip=@var{blocks}
+@item skip=@var{n}
 @opindex skip
-Skip @var{blocks} @samp{ibs}-byte blocks in the input file before copying.
+Skip @var{n} @samp{ibs}-byte blocks in the input file before copying.
+If @samp{iflag=skip_bytes} is specified, @var{n} is interpreted
+as a byte count rather than a block count.
 
-@item seek=@var{blocks}
+@item seek=@var{n}
 @opindex seek
-Skip @var{blocks} @samp{obs}-byte blocks in the output file before copying.
+Skip @var{n} @samp{obs}-byte blocks in the output file before copying.
+if @samp{oflag=seek_bytes} is specified, @var{n} is interpreted
+as a byte count rather than a block count.
 
-@item count=@var{blocks}
+@item count=@var{n}
 @opindex count
-Copy @var{blocks} @samp{ibs}-byte blocks from the input file, instead
+Copy @var{n} @samp{ibs}-byte blocks from the input file, instead
 of everything until the end of the file.
+if @samp{iflag=count_bytes} is specified, @var{n} is interpreted
+as a byte count rather than a block count.
 
 @item status=noxfer
 @opindex status
@@ -8117,6 +8160,20 @@ Change lowercase letters to uppercase.
 
 The @samp{lcase} and @samp{ucase} conversions are mutually exclusive.
 
+@item sparse
+@opindex sparse
+Try to seek rather than write @sc{nul} output blocks.
+On a file system that supports sparse files, this will create
+sparse output when extending the output file.
+Be careful when using this option in conjunction with
+@samp{conv=notrunc} or @samp{oflag=append}.
+With @samp{conv=notrunc}, existing data in the output file
+corresponding to @sc{nul} blocks from the input, will be untouched.
+With @samp{oflag=append} the seeks performed will be ineffective.
+Similarly, when the output is a device rather than a file,
+@sc{nul} input blocks are not copied, and therefore this option
+is most useful with virtual or pre zeroed devices.
+
 @item swab
 @opindex swab @r{(byte-swapping)}
 @cindex byte-swapping
@@ -8311,6 +8368,27 @@ When that happens, continue calling @code{read} to fill the remainder
 of the block.
 This flag can be used only with @code{iflag}.
 
+@item count_bytes
+@opindex count_bytes
+Interpret the @samp{count=} operand as a byte count,
+rather than a block count, which allows specifying
+a length that is not a multiple of the I/O block size.
+This flag can be used only with @code{iflag}.
+
+@item skip_bytes
+@opindex skip_bytes
+Interpret the @samp{skip=} operand as a byte count,
+rather than a block count, which allows specifying
+an offset that is not a multiple of the I/O block size.
+This flag can be used only with @code{iflag}.
+
+@item seek_bytes
+@opindex seek_bytes
+Interpret the @samp{seek=} operand as a byte count,
+rather than a block count, which allows specifying
+an offset that is not a multiple of the I/O block size.
+This flag can be used only with @code{oflag}.
+
 @end table
 
 These flags are not supported on all systems, and @samp{dd} rejects
@@ -8333,10 +8411,13 @@ should not be too large---values larger than a few megabytes
 are generally wasteful or (as in the gigabyte..exabyte case) downright
 counterproductive or error-inducing.
 
-Use different @command{dd} invocations to use different block sizes for
-skipping and I/O@.  For example, the following shell commands copy data
-in 512 KiB blocks between a disk and a tape, but do not save or restore a
-4 KiB label at the start of the disk:
+To process data that is at an offset or size that is not a
+multiple of the I/O@ block size, you can use the @samp{skip_bytes},
+@samp{seek_bytes} and @samp{count_bytes} flags.  Alternatively
+the traditional method of separate @command{dd} invocations can be used.
+For example, the following shell commands copy data
+in 512 KiB blocks between a disk and a tape, but do not save
+or restore a 4 KiB label at the start of the disk:
 
 @example
 disk=/dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s2
@@ -8729,7 +8810,7 @@ The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
 @itemx --force
 @opindex -f
 @opindex --force
-Ignore nonexistent files and never prompt the user.
+Ignore nonexistent files and missing operands, and never prompt the user.
 Ignore any previous @option{--interactive} (@option{-i}) option.
 
 @item -i
@@ -9060,7 +9141,7 @@ The intended use of this is to shred a removed temporary file.
 For example:
 
 @example
-i=`mktemp`
+i=$(mktemp)
 exec 3<>"$i"
 rm -- "$i"
 echo "Hello, world" >&3
@@ -9318,6 +9399,22 @@ symbolic link with identical contents; since symbolic link contents
 cannot be edited, any file name resolution performed through either
 link will be the same as if a hard link had been created.
 
+@item -r
+@itemx --relative
+@opindex -r
+@opindex --relative
+Make symbolic links relative to the link location.
+
+Example:
+
+@smallexample
+ln -srv /a/file /tmp
+'/tmp/file' -> '../a/file'
+@end smallexample
+
+@xref{realpath invocation}, which gives greater control
+over relative file name generation.
+
 @item -s
 @itemx --symbolic
 @opindex -s
@@ -9547,7 +9644,7 @@ for a FIFO
 for a block special file
 
 @item c
-@c Don't document the `u' option -- it's just a synonym for `c'.
+@c Don't document the 'u' option -- it's just a synonym for 'c'.
 @c Do *any* versions of mknod still use it?
 @c @itemx u
 @opindex c @r{for character special file}
@@ -9595,7 +9692,6 @@ Set the default SELinux security context to be used for created files.
 @cindex displaying value of a symbolic link
 @cindex canonical file name
 @cindex canonicalize a file name
-@pindex realpath
 @findex realpath
 
 @command{readlink} may work in one of two supported modes:
@@ -9678,8 +9774,8 @@ Report error messages.
 
 The @command{readlink} utility first appeared in OpenBSD 2.1.
 
-There is a @command{realpath} command on some systems
-which operates like @command{readlink} in canonicalize mode.
+The @command{realpath} command without options, operates like
+@command{readlink} in canonicalize mode.
 
 @exitstatus
 
@@ -10254,11 +10350,39 @@ A @var{file} argument string of @samp{-} is handled specially and
 causes @command{touch} to change the times of the file associated with
 standard output.
 
+@cindex clock skew
+By default, @command{touch} sets file timestamps to the current time.
+Because @command{touch} acts on its operands left to right, the
+resulting timestamps of earlier and later operands may disagree.
+Also, the determination of what time is ``current'' depends on the
+platform.  Platforms with network file systems often use different
+clocks for the operating system and for file systems; because
+@command{touch} typically uses file systems' clocks by default, clock
+skew can cause the resulting file timestamps to appear to be in a
+program's ``future'' or ``past''.
+
+@cindex file timestamp resolution
+The @command{touch} command sets the file's timestamp to the greatest
+representable value that is not greater than the requested time.  This
+can differ from the requested time for several reasons.  First, the
+requested time may have a higher resolution than supported.  Second, a
+file system may use different resolutions for different types of
+times.  Third, file timestamps may use a different resolution than
+operating system timestamps.  Fourth, the operating system primitives
+used to update timestamps may employ yet a different resolution.  For
+example, in theory a file system might use 10-microsecond resolution
+for access time and 100-nanosecond resolution for modification time,
+and the operating system might use nanosecond resolution for the
+current time and microsecond resolution for the primitive that
+@command{touch} uses to set a file's timestamp to an arbitrary value.
+
 @cindex permissions, for changing file timestamps
-If changing both the access and modification times to the current
-time, @command{touch} can change the timestamps for files that the user
-running it does not own but has write permission for.  Otherwise, the
-user must own the files.
+When setting file timestamps to the current time, @command{touch} can
+change the timestamps for files that the user does not own but has
+write permission for.  Otherwise, the user must own the files.  Some
+older systems have a further restriction: the user must own the files
+unless both the access and modification times are being set to the
+current time.
 
 Although @command{touch} provides options for changing two of the times---the
 times of last access and modification---of a file, there is actually
@@ -10994,7 +11118,7 @@ The valid @var{format} directives for files with @option{--format} and
 @item %m - Mount point (See note below)
 @item %n - File name
 @item %N - Quoted file name with dereference if symbolic link
-@item %o - I/O block size
+@item %o - Optimal I/O transfer size hint
 @item %s - Total size, in bytes
 @item %t - Major device type in hex
 @item %T - Minor device type in hex
@@ -12108,7 +12232,7 @@ Here are a few examples, including quoting for shell metacharacters.
 To add 1 to the shell variable @code{foo}, in Bourne-compatible shells:
 
 @example
-foo=`expr $foo + 1`
+foo=$(expr $foo + 1)
 @end example
 
 To print the non-directory part of the file name stored in
@@ -12318,6 +12442,7 @@ This section describes commands that manipulate file names.
 * dirname invocation::          Strip last file name component.
 * pathchk invocation::          Check file name validity and portability.
 * mktemp invocation::           Create temporary file or directory.
+* realpath invocation::         Print resolved file names.
 @end menu
 
 
@@ -12336,6 +12461,7 @@ This section describes commands that manipulate file names.
 
 @example
 basename @var{name} [@var{suffix}]
+basename @var{option}... @var{name}...
 @end example
 
 If @var{suffix} is specified and is identical to the end of @var{name},
@@ -12359,8 +12485,33 @@ for everything except file names containing a trailing newline.
 result is @samp{//} on platforms where @var{//} is distinct from
 @var{/}, and @samp{/} on platforms where there is no difference.
 
-The only options are @option{--help} and @option{--version}.  @xref{Common
-options}.  Options must precede operands.
+The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
+Options must precede operands.
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item -a
+@itemx --multiple
+@opindex -a
+@opindex --multiple
+Support more than one argument.  Treat every argument as a @var{name}.
+With this, an optional @var{suffix} must be specified using the
+@option{-s} option.
+
+@item -s @var{suffix}
+@itemx --suffix=@var{suffix}
+@opindex -s
+@opindex --suffix
+Remove a trailing @var{suffix}.
+This option implies the @option{-a} option.
+
+@item -z
+@itemx --zero
+@opindex -z
+@opindex --zero
+Separate output items with @sc{nul} characters.
+
+@end table
 
 @exitstatus
 
@@ -12372,6 +12523,12 @@ basename /usr/bin/sort
 
 # Output "stdio".
 basename include/stdio.h .h
+
+# Output "stdio".
+basename -s .h include/stdio.h
+
+# Output "stdio" followed by "stdlib"
+basename -a -s .h include/stdio.h include/stdlib.h
 @end smallexample
 
 
@@ -12383,13 +12540,13 @@ basename include/stdio.h .h
 @cindex stripping non-directory suffix
 @cindex non-directory suffix, stripping
 
-@command{dirname} prints all but the final slash-delimited component of
-@var{name}.  Slashes on either side of the final component are also
-removed.  If the string contains no slash, @command{dirname} prints
-@samp{.} (meaning the current directory).  Synopsis:
+@command{dirname} prints all but the final slash-delimited component
+of each @var{name}.  Slashes on either side of the final component are
+also removed.  If the string contains no slash, @command{dirname}
+prints @samp{.} (meaning the current directory).  Synopsis:
 
 @example
-dirname @var{name}
+dirname [@var{option}] @var{name}...
 @end example
 
 @var{name} need not be a file name, but if it is, this operation
@@ -12403,8 +12560,17 @@ including the case when the final component is itself a directory.
 result is @samp{//} on platforms where @var{//} is distinct from
 @var{/}, and @samp{/} on platforms where there is no difference.
 
-The only options are @option{--help} and @option{--version}.  @xref{Common
-options}.
+The program accepts the following option.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item -z
+@itemx --zero
+@opindex -z
+@opindex --zero
+Separate output items with @sc{nul} characters.
+
+@end table
 
 @exitstatus
 
@@ -12415,6 +12581,9 @@ Examples:
 dirname /usr/bin/sort
 dirname /usr/bin//.//
 
+# Output "dir1" followed by "dir2"
+dirname dir1/str dir2/str
+
 # Output ".".
 dirname stdio.h
 @end smallexample
@@ -12671,6 +12840,123 @@ Exit status:
 @end display
 
 
+@node realpath invocation
+@section @command{realpath}: Print the resolved file name.
+
+@pindex realpath
+@cindex file names, canonicalization
+@cindex symlinks, resolution
+@cindex canonical file name
+@cindex canonicalize a file name
+@pindex realpath
+@findex realpath
+
+@command{realpath} expands all symbolic links and resolves references to
+@samp{/./}, @samp{/../} and extra @samp{/} characters.  By default,
+all but the last component of the specified files must exist.  Synopsis:
+
+@example
+realpath [@var{option}]@dots{} @var{file}@dots{}
+@end example
+
+The program accepts the following options.  Also see @ref{Common options}.
+
+@table @samp
+
+@item -e
+@itemx --canonicalize-existing
+@opindex -e
+@opindex --canonicalize-existing
+Ensure that all components of the specified file names exist.
+If any component is missing or unavailable, @command{realpath} will output
+a diagnostic unless the @option{-q} option is specified, and exit with a
+nonzero exit code.  A trailing slash requires that the name resolve to a
+directory.
+
+@item -m
+@itemx --canonicalize-missing
+@opindex -m
+@opindex --canonicalize-missing
+If any component of a specified file name is missing or unavailable,
+treat it as a directory.
+
+@item -L
+@itemx --logical
+@opindex -L
+@opindex --logical
+Symbolic links are resolved in the specified file names,
+but they are resolved after any subsequent @samp{..} components are processed.
+
+@item -P
+@itemx --physical
+@opindex -P
+@opindex --physical
+Symbolic links are resolved in the specified file names,
+and they are resolved before any subsequent @samp{..} components are processed.
+This is the default mode of operation.
+
+@item -q
+@itemx --quiet
+@opindex -q
+@opindex --quiet
+Suppress diagnostic messages for specified file names.
+
+@item -s
+@itemx --strip
+@itemx --no-symlinks
+@opindex -s
+@opindex --strip
+@opindex --no-symlinks
+Do not resolve symbolic links.  Only resolve references to
+@samp{/./}, @samp{/../} and remove extra @samp{/} characters.
+When combined with the @option{-m} option, realpath operates
+only on the file name, and does not touch any actual file.
+
+@item -z
+@itemx --zero
+@opindex -z
+@opindex --zero
+Separate output items with @sc{nul} characters.
+
+@itemx --relative-to=@var{file}
+@opindex --relative-to
+@cindex relpath
+Print the resolved file names relative to the specified file.
+Note this option honors the @option{-m} and @option{-e} options
+pertaining to file existence.
+
+@itemx --relative-base=@var{base}
+@opindex --relative-base
+This option is valid when used with @option{--relative-to}, and will restrict
+the output of @option{--relative-to} so that relative names are output,
+only when @var{file}s are descendants of @var{base}.  Otherwise output the
+absolute file name.  If @option{--relative-to} was not specified, then
+the descendants of @var{base} are printed relative to @var{base}.  If
+@option{--relative-to} is specified, then that directory must be a
+descendant of @var{base} for this option to have an effect.
+Note: this option honors the @option{-m} and @option{-e}
+options pertaining to file existence.  For example:
+
+@example
+realpath --relative-to=/usr /tmp /usr/bin
+@result{} ../tmp
+@result{} bin
+realpath --relative-base=/usr /tmp /usr/bin
+@result{} /tmp
+@result{} bin
+@end example
+
+@end table
+
+@cindex exit status of @command{realpath}
+Exit status:
+
+@display
+0 if all file names were printed without issue.
+1 otherwise.
+@end display
+
+
 @node Working context
 @chapter Working context
 
@@ -13952,7 +14238,6 @@ This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., @samp{11:11:04 PM})
 @item %R
 24-hour hour and minute.  Same as @samp{%H:%M}.
-This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 @item %s
 @cindex epoch, seconds since
 @cindex seconds since the epoch
@@ -13976,7 +14261,6 @@ appropriate for the current time, using the time zone rules specified
 by the @env{TZ} environment variable.
 The time (and optionally, the time zone rules) can be overridden
 by the @option{--date} option.
-This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 @item %:z
 @w{@acronym{RFC} 3339/@acronym{ISO} 8601} style numeric time zone with
 @samp{:} (e.g., @samp{-06:00} or @samp{+05:30}), or nothing if no time
@@ -14033,14 +14317,12 @@ full date in @acronym{ISO} 8601 format; same as @samp{%Y-%m-%d}.
 This is a good choice for a date format, as it is standard and
 is easy to sort in the usual case where years are in the range
 0000@dots{}9999.
-This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 @item %g
 year corresponding to the @acronym{ISO} week number, but without the century
 (range @samp{00} through @samp{99}).  This has the same format and value
 as @samp{%y}, except that if the @acronym{ISO} week number (see
 @samp{%V}) belongs
 to the previous or next year, that year is used instead.
-This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 @item %G
 year corresponding to the @acronym{ISO} week number.  This has the
 same format and value as @samp{%Y}, except that if the @acronym{ISO}
@@ -14050,7 +14332,6 @@ instead.
 It is normally useful only if @samp{%V} is also used;
 for example, the format @samp{%G-%m-%d} is probably a mistake,
 since it combines the ISO week number year with the conventional month and day.
-This is a @acronym{GNU} extension.
 @item %h
 same as @samp{%b}
 @item %j
@@ -14188,11 +14469,9 @@ is available, it is ignored.
 If given an argument that does not start with @samp{+}, @command{date} sets
 the system clock to the date and time specified by that argument (as
 described below).  You must have appropriate privileges to set the
-system clock.  The @option{--date} and @option{--set} options may not be
-used with such an argument.  The @option{--universal} option may be used
-with such an argument to indicate that the specified date and time are
-relative to Coordinated Universal Time rather than to the local time
-zone.
+system clock.  Note for changes to persist across a reboot, the
+hardware clock may need to be updated from the system clock, which
+might not happen automatically on your system.
 
 The argument must consist entirely of digits, which have the following
 meaning:
@@ -14214,7 +14493,10 @@ last two digits of year (optional)
 second (optional)
 @end table
 
-The @option{--set} option also sets the system clock; see the next section.
+Note, the @option{--date} and @option{--set} options may not be used with an
+argument in the above format.  The @option{--universal} option may be used
+with such an argument to indicate that the specified date and time are
+relative to Coordinated Universal Time rather than to the local time zone.
 
 
 @node Options for date
@@ -14262,6 +14544,34 @@ input.  This is useful when you have many dates to process, because the
 system overhead of starting up the @command{date} executable many times can
 be considerable.
 
+@item -I[@var{timespec}]
+@itemx --iso-8601[=@var{timespec}]
+@opindex -I[@var{timespec}]
+@opindex --iso-8601[=@var{timespec}]
+Display the date using the @acronym{ISO} 8601 format, @samp{%Y-%m-%d}.
+
+The argument @var{timespec} specifies the number of additional
+terms of the time to include.  It can be one of the following:
+@table @samp
+@item auto
+Print just the date.  This is the default if @var{timespec} is omitted.
+
+@item hours
+Append the hour of the day to the date.
+
+@item minutes
+Append the hours and minutes.
+
+@item seconds
+Append the hours, minutes and seconds.
+
+@item ns
+Append the hours, minutes, seconds and nanoseconds.
+@end table
+
+If showing any time terms, then include the time zone using the format
+@samp{%z}.
+
 @item -r @var{file}
 @itemx --reference=@var{file}
 @opindex -r
@@ -14327,6 +14637,7 @@ This is equivalent to the format @samp{%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N%:z}.
 @opindex -s
 @opindex --set
 Set the date and time to @var{datestr}.  See @option{-d} above.
+See also @ref{Setting the time}.
 
 @item -u
 @itemx --utc
@@ -14583,7 +14894,7 @@ parsed reliably.  In the following example, @var{release} is
 
 @smallexample
 uname -a
-@result{} Linux dum 2.2.18 #4 SMP Tue Jun 5 11:24:08 PDT 2001 i686@c
+@result{} Linux dumdum 2.2.18 #4 SMP Tue Jun 5 11:24:08 PDT 2001 i686@c
  unknown unknown GNU/Linux
 @end smallexample
 
@@ -15693,7 +16004,7 @@ the @var{command}.
 @opindex --signal
 Send this @var{signal} to @var{command} on timeout, rather than the
 default @samp{TERM} signal. @var{signal} may be a name like @samp{HUP}
-or a number. Also see @xref{Signal specifications}.
+or a number. @xref{Signal specifications}.
 @end table
 
 @cindex time units
@@ -15716,6 +16027,7 @@ Exit status:
 125 if @command{timeout} itself fails
 126 if @var{command} is found but cannot be invoked
 127 if @var{command} cannot be found
+137 if @var{command} is sent the KILL(9) signal (128+9)
 the exit status of @var{command} otherwise
 @end display
 
@@ -15800,8 +16112,9 @@ number like @samp{1}, or an exit status of a process terminated by the
 signal.  A signal name can be given in canonical form or prefixed by
 @samp{SIG}.  The case of the letters is ignored, except for the
 @option{-@var{signal}} option which must use upper case to avoid
-ambiguity with lower case option letters.  For a list of supported
-signal names and numbers see @xref{Signal specifications}.
+ambiguity with lower case option letters.
+@xref{Signal specifications}, for a list of supported
+signal names and numbers.
 
 @node Delaying
 @chapter Delaying
@@ -15903,8 +16216,10 @@ Factoring the product of the eighth and ninth Mersenne primes
 takes about 30 milliseconds of CPU time on a 2.2 GHz Athlon.
 
 @example
-M8=`echo 2^31-1|bc` ; M9=`echo 2^61-1|bc`
-/usr/bin/time -f '%U' factor $(echo "$M8 * $M9" | bc)
+M8=$(echo 2^31-1|bc)
+M9=$(echo 2^61-1|bc)
+n=$(echo "$M8 * $M9" | bc)
+/usr/bin/time -f %U factor $n
 4951760154835678088235319297: 2147483647 2305843009213693951
 0.03
 @end example
@@ -16004,7 +16319,7 @@ If you want hexadecimal integer output, you can use @command{printf}
 to perform the conversion:
 
 @example
-$ printf '%x\n' `seq 1048575 1024 1050623`
+$ printf '%x\n' $(seq 1048575 1024 1050623)
 fffff
 1003ff
 1007ff
@@ -16064,7 +16379,7 @@ outputs 1.0000000000000000007 twice and skips 1.0000000000000000008.
 
 An earlier version of this chapter appeared in
 @uref{http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=2762, the
-@cite{What's GNU?} column of @cite{Linux Journal}, 2 (June, 1994)}.
+@cite{What's GNU?} column of the June 1994 @cite{Linux Journal}}.
 It was written by Arnold Robbins.
 
 @menu

doc/perm.texi

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 @c File mode bits
 
-@c Copyright (C) 1994, 1996, 1999-2001, 2003-2006, 2008-2011 Free Software
-@c Foundation, Inc.
+@c Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 @c Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 @c under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@ symbolic form or as an octal number.
 * Mode Structure::              Structure of file mode bits.
 * Symbolic Modes::              Mnemonic representation of file mode bits.
 * Numeric Modes::               File mode bits as octal numbers.
+* Operator Numeric Modes::      ANDing, ORing, and setting modes octally.
 * Directory Setuid and Setgid:: Set-user-ID and set-group-ID on directories.
 @end menu
 
@@ -496,13 +496,16 @@ alternative to giving a symbolic mode, you can give an octal (base 8)
 number that represents the mode.
 This number is always interpreted in octal; you do not have to add a
 leading @samp{0}, as you do in C.  Mode @samp{0055} is the same as
-mode @samp{55}.
+mode @samp{55}.  (However, modes of five digits or more, such as
+@samp{00055}, are sometimes special.  @xref{Directory Setuid and Setgid}.)
 
 A numeric mode is usually shorter than the corresponding symbolic
 mode, but it is limited in that normally it cannot take into account the
 previous file mode bits; it can only set them absolutely.
-(As discussed in the next section, the set-user-ID and set-group-ID
-bits of directories are an exception to this general limitation.)
+The set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits of directories are an exception
+to this general limitation.  @xref{Directory Setuid and Setgid}.
+Also, operator numeric modes can take previous file mode bits into
+account.  @xref{Operator Numeric Modes}.
 
 The permissions granted to the user,
 to other users in the file's group,
@@ -542,6 +545,26 @@ For example, numeric mode @samp{4755} corresponds to symbolic mode
 @samp{ug=rw,o=r}.  Numeric mode @samp{0} corresponds to symbolic mode
 @samp{a=}.
 
+@node Operator Numeric Modes
+@section Operator Numeric Modes
+
+An operator numeric mode is a numeric mode that is prefixed by a
+@samp{-}, @samp{+}, or @samp{=} operator, which has the same
+interpretation as in symbolic modes.  For example, @samp{+440} enables
+read permission for the file's owner and group, @samp{-1} disables
+execute permission for other users, and @samp{=600} clears all
+permissions except for enabling read-write permissions for the file's
+owner.  Operator numeric modes can be combined with symbolic modes by
+separating them with a comma; for example, @samp{=0,u+r} clears all
+permissions except for enabling read permission for the file's owner.
+
+The commands @samp{chmod =755 @var{dir}} and @samp{chmod 755
+@var{dir}} differ in that the former clears the directory @var{dir}'s
+setuid and setgid bits, whereas the latter preserves them.
+@xref{Directory Setuid and Setgid}.
+
+Operator numeric modes are a @acronym{GNU} extension.
+
 @node Directory Setuid and Setgid
 @section Directories and the Set-User-ID and Set-Group-ID Bits
 
@@ -560,8 +583,10 @@ bits of directories.  If commands like @command{chmod} and
 mechanisms would be less convenient and it would be harder to share
 files.  Therefore, a command like @command{chmod} does not affect the
 set-user-ID or set-group-ID bits of a directory unless the user
-specifically mentions them in a symbolic mode, or sets them in
-a numeric mode.  For example, on systems that support
+specifically mentions them in a symbolic mode, or uses an operator
+numeric mode such as @samp{=755}, or sets them in a numeric mode, or
+clears them in a numeric mode that has five or more octal digits.
+For example, on systems that support
 set-group-ID inheritance:
 
 @example
@@ -583,22 +608,32 @@ explicitly in the symbolic or numeric modes, e.g.:
 @example
 # These commands try to set the set-user-ID
 # and set-group-ID bits of the subdirectories.
-mkdir G H
+mkdir G
 chmod 6755 G
-chmod u=rwx,go=rx,a+s H
-mkdir -m 6755 I
+chmod +6000 G
+chmod u=rwx,go=rx,a+s G
+mkdir -m 6755 H
+mkdir -m +6000 I
 mkdir -m u=rwx,go=rx,a+s J
 @end example
 
 If you want to try to clear these bits, you must mention them
-explicitly in a symbolic mode, e.g.:
+explicitly in a symbolic mode, or use an operator numeric mode, or
+specify a numeric mode with five or more octal digits, e.g.:
 
 @example
-# This command tries to clear the set-user-ID
+# These commands try to clear the set-user-ID
 # and set-group-ID bits of the directory D.
 chmod a-s D
+chmod -6000 D
+chmod =755 D
+chmod 00755 D
 @end example
 
 This behavior is a @acronym{GNU} extension.  Portable scripts should
 not rely on requests to set or clear these bits on directories, as
 @acronym{POSIX} allows implementations to ignore these requests.
+The @acronym{GNU} behavior with numeric modes of four or fewer digits
+is intended for scripts portable to systems that preserve these bits;
+the behavior with numeric modes of five or more digits is for scripts
+portable to systems that do not preserve the bits.

gl/lib/fadvise.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Declare an access pattern hint for files.
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/fadvise.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Declare an access pattern hint for files.
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/heap.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Barebones heap implementation supporting only insert and pop.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/heap.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Barebones heap implementation supporting only insert and pop.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/mbsalign.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Align/Truncate a string in a given screen width
-   Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/mbsalign.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Align/Truncate a string in a given screen width
-   Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/rand-isaac.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Bob Jenkins's cryptographic random number generators, ISAAC and ISAAC64.
 
-   Copyright (C) 1999-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 1999-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999 Colin Plumb.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

gl/lib/rand-isaac.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Bob Jenkins's cryptographic random number generators, ISAAC and ISAAC64.
 
-   Copyright (C) 1999-2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 1999-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999 Colin Plumb.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

gl/lib/randint.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Generate random integers.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/randint.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Generate random integers.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/randperm.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Generate random permutations.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2006-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/randread.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Generate buffers of random data.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2006, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,6 +17,9 @@
 
 /* Written by Paul Eggert.  */
 
+/* FIXME: Improve performance by adding support for the RDRAND machine
+   instruction if available (e.g., Ivy Bridge processors).  */
+
 #include <config.h>
 
 #include "randread.h"
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <exitfail.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <quotearg.h>
+#include <stdalign.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -59,7 +63,6 @@
 #if _STRING_ARCH_unaligned
 # define ALIGNED_POINTER(ptr, type) true
 #else
-# define alignof(type) offsetof (struct { char c; type x; }, x)
 # define ALIGNED_POINTER(ptr, type) ((size_t) (ptr) % alignof (type) == 0)
 #endif
 

gl/lib/randread.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Generate buffers of random data.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2006-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/lib/regcomp.c.diff

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ index d5968bd..4926676 100644
  	  char *_Restrict_ errbuf, size_t errbuf_size)
  #endif
  {
-@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@ calc_first (void *extra, bin_tree_t *node)
+@@ -1415,7 +1415,7 @@ calc_first (void *extra, bin_tree_t *node)
 
  /* Pass 2: compute NEXT on the tree.  Preorder visit.  */
  static reg_errcode_t
@@ -20,17 +20,20 @@ index d5968bd..4926676 100644
  {
    switch (node->token.type)
      {
-@@ -2744,7 +2744,8 @@ static reg_errcode_t
+@@ -2792,8 +2792,10 @@ build_range_exp (const reg_syntax_t synt
+ static reg_errcode_t
  internal_function
- build_collating_symbol (bitset_t sbcset,
  # ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
--			re_charset_t *mbcset, Idx *coll_sym_alloc,
-+			re_charset_t *mbcset _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
+-build_collating_symbol (bitset_t sbcset, re_charset_t *mbcset,
+-			Idx *coll_sym_alloc, const unsigned char *name)
++build_collating_symbol (bitset_t sbcset,
++                        re_charset_t *mbcset _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
 +			Idx *coll_sym_alloc _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
- # endif
- 			const unsigned char *name)
- {
-@@ -3323,7 +3324,8 @@ parse_bracket_exp (re_string_t *regexp, re_dfa_t *dfa, re_token_t *token,
++                        const unsigned char *name)
+ # else /* not RE_ENABLE_I18N */
+ build_collating_symbol (bitset_t sbcset, const unsigned char *name)
+ # endif /* not RE_ENABLE_I18N */
+@@ -3377,7 +3379,8 @@ parse_bracket_exp (re_string_t *regexp,
 
  static reg_errcode_t
  parse_bracket_element (bracket_elem_t *elem, re_string_t *regexp,
@@ -40,19 +43,20 @@ index d5968bd..4926676 100644
  		       reg_syntax_t syntax, bool accept_hyphen)
  {
  #ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
-@@ -3410,8 +3412,9 @@ parse_bracket_symbol (bracket_elem_t *elem, re_string_t *regexp,
+@@ -3464,8 +3467,10 @@ parse_bracket_symbol (bracket_elem_t *elem, re_string_t *regexp,
 
  static reg_errcode_t
  #ifdef RE_ENABLE_I18N
 -build_equiv_class (bitset_t sbcset, re_charset_t *mbcset,
 -		   Idx *equiv_class_alloc, const unsigned char *name)
-+build_equiv_class (bitset_t sbcset, re_charset_t *mbcset _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
++build_equiv_class (bitset_t sbcset,
++                   re_charset_t *mbcset _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
 +		   Idx *equiv_class_alloc _UNUSED_PARAMETER_,
 +		   const unsigned char *name)
  #else /* not RE_ENABLE_I18N */
  build_equiv_class (bitset_t sbcset, const unsigned char *name)
  #endif /* not RE_ENABLE_I18N */
-@@ -3816,7 +3819,7 @@ free_token (re_token_t *node)
+@@ -3869,7 +3874,7 @@ free_token (re_token_t *node)
     and its children. */
 
  static reg_errcode_t

gl/lib/root-dev-ino.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-/* root-dev-ino.c -- get the device and inode numbers for `/'.
-   Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+/* root-dev-ino.c -- get the device and inode numbers for '/'.
+   Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
-/* Call lstat to get the device and inode numbers for `/'.
+/* Call lstat to get the device and inode numbers for '/'.
    Upon failure, return NULL.  Otherwise, set the members of
    *ROOT_D_I accordingly and return ROOT_D_I.  */
 struct dev_ino *

gl/lib/root-dev-ino.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Root device and inode number checking.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2003, 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/m4/root-dev-ino.m4

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #serial 3
-dnl Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
 dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.

gl/modules/heap

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ lib_SOURCES += heap.c heap.h
 Include:
 "heap.h"
 
-License
+License:
 GPL
 
 Maintainer:

gl/modules/randint

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ lib_SOURCES += randint.c randint.h
 Include:
 "randint.h"
 
-License
+License:
 GPL
 
 Maintainer:

gl/modules/randperm

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ lib_SOURCES += randperm.c randperm.h
 Include:
 "randperm.h"
 
-License
+License:
 GPL
 
 Maintainer:

gl/modules/randread

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ inline
 fopen-safer
 gettimeofday
 quotearg
+stdalign
 stdbool
 stdint
 unlocked-io
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ lib_SOURCES += randread.c randread.h rand-isaac.c rand-isaac.h
 Include:
 "randread.h"
 
-License
+License:
 GPL
 
 Maintainer:

gl/modules/tempname.diff

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
---- /gnulib/modules/tempname	2011-06-17 11:41:46.070787376 +0200
-+++ gl/modules/tempname	2011-06-17 11:43:49.571154551 +0200
-@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
+--- tempname	2011-10-27 18:55:14.672722002 +0200
++++ tempname	2011-10-27 18:55:25.200999149 +0200
+@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
  Description:
 -gen_tempname() function: create a private temporary file or directory.
 +gen_tempname, gen_tempname_len: create a private temporary file or directory.
 
  Files:
  lib/tempname.c
-@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ Depends-on:
- extensions
+@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ extensions
+ fcntl-h
  gettimeofday
  lstat
 +randint

gl/tests/test-fadvise.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Test that fadvise works as advertised.
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/tests/test-mbsalign.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* Test that mbsalign works as advertised.
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

gl/tests/test-rand-isaac.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Test the ISAAC or ISAAC64 pseudorandom number generator.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/ChangeLog-2007

@@ -2729,7 +2729,7 @@
 	(local_zone): Accumulate dsts_seen rather than relying on tm_isdst
 	not being INT_MAX.
 	(get_date): Initialize dsts_seen, and check that it doesn't go over 1.
-	Use pc_rels_seen to decide whther a date is absolute.
+	Use pc_rels_seen to decide whether a date is absolute.
 
 	* getdate.y (number): Don't overwrite year.
 	(get_date): Initialize pc.year.digits to 0, not 4, to enable above
@@ -8746,7 +8746,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2000-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2000-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

lib/Makefile.am

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ## Makefile for gnulib/lib				-*-Makefile-*-
 
-# Copyright (C) 1995-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1995-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 ## This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 ## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -15,6 +15,17 @@
 ## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 ## along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
+AM_CFLAGS =
+AM_CPPFLAGS =
+BUILT_SOURCES =
+CLEANFILES =
+EXTRA_DIST =
+MAINTAINERCLEANFILES =
+MOSTLYCLEANDIRS =
+MOSTLYCLEANFILES =
+SUFFIXES =
+noinst_LIBRARIES =
+
 include gnulib.mk
 
 AM_CFLAGS += $(GNULIB_WARN_CFLAGS) $(WERROR_CFLAGS)

lib/buffer-lcm.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* buffer-lcm.c - compute a good buffer size for dealing with two files
 
-   Copyright (C) 2002, 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/euidaccess-stat.c

@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-/* euidaccess-stat -- check if effective user id can access lstat'd file
-   This function is probably useful only for choosing whether to issue
-   a prompt in an implementation of POSIX-specified rm.
-
-   Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-   (at your option) any later version.
-
-   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-   GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
-
-/* Adapted for use in GNU remove.c by Jim Meyering.  */
-
-#include <config.h>
-
-#include "euidaccess-stat.h"
-
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include "stat-macros.h"
-
-/* Return true if the current user has permission of type MODE
-   on the file from which stat buffer *ST was obtained, ignoring
-   ACLs, attributes, `read-only'ness, etc...
-   Otherwise, return false.
-
-   Like the reentrant version of euidaccess, but starting with
-   a stat buffer rather than a file name.  Hence, this function
-   never calls access or accessx, and doesn't take into account
-   whether the file has ACLs or other attributes, or resides on
-   a read-only file system.  */
-
-bool
-euidaccess_stat (struct stat const *st, int mode)
-{
-  uid_t euid;
-  unsigned int granted;
-
-  /* Convert the mode to traditional form, clearing any bogus bits.  */
-  if (R_OK == 4 && W_OK == 2 && X_OK == 1 && F_OK == 0)
-    mode &= 7;
-  else
-    mode = ((mode & R_OK ? 4 : 0)
-            + (mode & W_OK ? 2 : 0)
-            + (mode & X_OK ? 1 : 0));
-
-  if (mode == 0)
-    return true;		/* The file exists.  */
-
-  euid = geteuid ();
-
-  /* The super-user can read and write any file, and execute any file
-     that anyone can execute.  */
-  if (euid == 0 && ((mode & X_OK) == 0
-                    || (st->st_mode & (S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH))))
-    return true;
-
-  /* Convert the file's permission bits to traditional form.  */
-  if (   S_IRUSR == (4 << 6)
-      && S_IWUSR == (2 << 6)
-      && S_IXUSR == (1 << 6)
-      && S_IRGRP == (4 << 3)
-      && S_IWGRP == (2 << 3)
-      && S_IXGRP == (1 << 3)
-      && S_IROTH == (4 << 0)
-      && S_IWOTH == (2 << 0)
-      && S_IXOTH == (1 << 0))
-    granted = st->st_mode;
-  else
-    granted = (  (st->st_mode & S_IRUSR ? 4 << 6 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IWUSR ? 2 << 6 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IXUSR ? 1 << 6 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IRGRP ? 4 << 3 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IWGRP ? 2 << 3 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IXGRP ? 1 << 3 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IROTH ? 4 << 0 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IWOTH ? 2 << 0 : 0)
-               + (st->st_mode & S_IXOTH ? 1 << 0 : 0));
-
-  if (euid == st->st_uid)
-    granted >>= 6;
-  else
-    {
-      gid_t egid = getegid ();
-      if (egid == st->st_gid || group_member (st->st_gid))
-        granted >>= 3;
-    }
-
-  if ((mode & ~granted) == 0)
-    return true;
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-
-#ifdef TEST
-# include <errno.h>
-# include <stdio.h>
-# include <stdlib.h>
-
-# include "error.h"
-# define _(msg) msg
-
-char *program_name;
-
-int
-main (int argc, char **argv)
-{
-  char *file;
-  int mode;
-  bool ok;
-  struct stat st;
-
-  program_name = argv[0];
-  if (argc < 3)
-    abort ();
-  file = argv[1];
-  mode = atoi (argv[2]);
-  if (lstat (file, &st) != 0)
-    error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("cannot stat %s"), file);
-
-  ok = euidaccess_stat (&st, mode);
-  printf ("%s: %s\n", file, ok ? "y" : "n");
-  return 0;
-}
-#endif

lib/euidaccess-stat.h

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-
-bool euidaccess_stat (struct stat const *st, int mode);

lib/fd-reopen.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Invoke open, but return either a desired file descriptor or -1.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 /* Open a file to a particular file descriptor.  This is like standard
-   `open', except it always returns DESIRED_FD if successful.  */
+   'open', except it always returns DESIRED_FD if successful.  */
 
 int
 fd_reopen (int desired_fd, char const *file, int flags, mode_t mode)

lib/fd-reopen.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Invoke open, but return either a desired file descriptor or -1.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/strintcmp.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Compare integer strings.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/strnumcmp-in.h

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 /* Compare numeric strings.  This is an internal include file.
 
-   Copyright (C) 1988, 1991-1993, 1995-1996, 1998-2000, 2003-2006, 2009-2011
-   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 1988-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@
    - It's typically faster.
    POSIX says that only '0' through '9' are digits.  Prefer ISDIGIT to
    isdigit unless it's important to use the locale's definition
-   of `digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
+   of 'digit' even when the host does not conform to POSIX.  */
 # define ISDIGIT(c) ((unsigned int) (c) - '0' <= 9)
 
 

lib/strnumcmp.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* Compare numeric strings.
 
-   Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/t-chdir-long

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # Exercise chdir-long's sample main program.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

lib/xfts.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* xfts.c -- a wrapper for fts_open
 
-   Copyright (C) 2003, 2005-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

m4/ChangeLog-2007

@@ -5004,7 +5004,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1997-2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1997-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

m4/boottime.m4

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 # boottime.m4 serial 4
 # Determine whether this system has infrastructure for obtaining the boot time.
 
-# Copyright (C) 1996, 2000, 2002-2004, 2006, 2008-2011 Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1996-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

m4/check-decl.m4

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #serial 26
 # Check declarations for this package.
 
-dnl Copyright (C) 1997-2001, 2003-2006, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation,
-dnl Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 1997-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,

m4/euidaccess-stat.m4

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-# serial 1
-dnl Copyright (C) 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
-dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
-dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
-
-AC_DEFUN([gl_EUIDACCESS_STAT],
-[
-  AC_LIBSOURCES([euidaccess-stat.c, euidaccess-stat.h])
-  AC_LIBOBJ([euidaccess-stat])
-])

m4/fd-reopen.m4

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Invoke open, but return either a desired file descriptor or -1.
 
-dnl Copyright (C) 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,

m4/gmp.m4

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Tests for GNU GMP (or any compatible replacement).
 
-dnl Copyright (C) 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2008-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,

m4/include-exclude-prog.m4

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #serial 2
-dnl Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
 dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.

m4/jm-macros.m4

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 dnl Misc type-related macros for coreutils.
 
-# Copyright (C) 1998, 2000-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -71,23 +71,33 @@ AC_DEFUN([coreutils_MACROS],
     [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_INOTIFY], [1],
      [Define to 1 if you have usable inotify support.])])
 
-  AC_CHECK_FUNCS_ONCE( \
-    endgrent \
-    endpwent \
-    fchown \
-    fchmod \
-    ftruncate \
-    iswspace \
-    mkfifo \
-    mbrlen \
-    setgroups \
-    sethostname \
-    siginterrupt \
-    sync \
-    sysctl \
-    sysinfo \
-    tcgetpgrp \
-  )
+  AC_CHECK_FUNCS_ONCE([
+    endgrent
+    endpwent
+    fchown
+    fchmod
+    ftruncate
+    iswspace
+    mkfifo
+    mbrlen
+    setgroups
+    sethostname
+    siginterrupt
+    sync
+    sysctl
+    sysinfo
+    tcgetpgrp
+  ])
+
+  # These checks are for Interix, to avoid its getgr* functions, in favor
+  # of these replacements.  The replacement functions are much more efficient
+  # because they do not query the domain controller for user information
+  # when it is not needed.
+  AC_CHECK_FUNCS_ONCE([
+    getgrgid_nomembers
+    getgrnam_nomembers
+    getgrent_nomembers
+  ])
 
   dnl This can't use AC_REQUIRE; I'm not quite sure why.
   cu_PREREQ_STAT_PROG
@@ -131,7 +141,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([coreutils_MACROS],
   fi
   AC_SUBST([LIB_CAP])
 
-  # See if linking `seq' requires -lm.
+  # See if linking 'seq' requires -lm.
   # It does on nearly every system.  The single exception (so far) is
   # BeOS which has all the math functions in the normal runtime library
   # and doesn't have a separate math library.
@@ -173,16 +183,15 @@ AC_DEFUN([coreutils_MACROS],
 
 AC_DEFUN([gl_CHECK_ALL_HEADERS],
 [
-  AC_CHECK_HEADERS_ONCE( \
-    hurd.h \
-    paths.h \
-    priv.h \
-    stropts.h \
-    sys/param.h \
-    sys/resource.h \
-    sys/systeminfo.h \
-    syslog.h \
-  )
+  AC_CHECK_HEADERS_ONCE([
+    hurd.h
+    paths.h
+    priv.h
+    stropts.h
+    sys/param.h
+    sys/systeminfo.h
+    syslog.h
+  ])
   AC_CHECK_HEADERS([sys/sysctl.h], [], [],
     [AC_INCLUDES_DEFAULT
      [#if HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
@@ -193,11 +202,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_CHECK_ALL_HEADERS],
 # This macro must be invoked before any tests that run the compiler.
 AC_DEFUN([gl_CHECK_ALL_TYPES],
 [
-  dnl This test must precede tests of compiler characteristics like
-  dnl that for the inline keyword, since it may change the degree to
-  dnl which the compiler supports such features.
-  AC_REQUIRE([AM_C_PROTOTYPES])
-
   dnl Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_BIGENDIAN])
   AC_REQUIRE([AC_C_VOLATILE])

m4/lib-check.m4

@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 dnl Misc lib-related macros for coreutils.
 
-# Copyright (C) 1993-1997, 2000-2001, 2003-2006, 2008-2011 Free Software
-# Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1993-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

m4/prereq.m4

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#serial 77
+#serial 78
 
 dnl We use gl_ for non Autoconf macros.
 m4_pattern_forbid([^gl_[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ]])dnl
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ m4_pattern_forbid([^gl_[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ]])dnl
 # directory of the coreutils package.
 
 
-# Copyright (C) 1998, 2000-2001, 2003-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([gl_PREREQ],
   # Invoke macros of modules that may migrate into gnulib.
   # There's no need to list gnulib modules here, since gnulib-tool
   # handles that; see ../bootstrap.conf.
-  AC_REQUIRE([gl_EUIDACCESS_STAT])
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_FD_REOPEN])
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_FUNC_XATTR])
   AC_REQUIRE([gl_FUNC_XFTS])

m4/stat-prog.m4

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # stat-prog.m4 serial 7
 # Record the prerequisites of src/stat.c from the coreutils package.
 
-# Copyright (C) 2002-2004, 2006, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

m4/strnumcmp.m4

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Compare numeric strings.
 
-dnl Copyright (C) 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,

m4/xattr.m4

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # xattr.m4 - check for Extended Attributes (Linux)
 # serial 3
 
-# Copyright (C) 2003, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2003-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 # This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
 # with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.

m4/xfts.m4

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #serial 1
-dnl Copyright (C) 2005, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
 dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.

man/.gitignore

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ printf.1
 ptx.1
 pwd.1
 readlink.1
+realpath.1
 rm.1
 rmdir.1
 seq.1

man/Makefile.am

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Make coreutils man pages.				-*-Makefile-*-
 
-# Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ dist_man1_MANS = $(MAN)
 
 man_aux = $(dist_man1_MANS:.1=.x)
 
-EXTRA_DIST = $(man_aux) $(NO_INSTALL_PROGS_DEFAULT:%=%.x) help2man
+EXTRA_DIST = $(man_aux) $(NO_INSTALL_PROGS_DEFAULT:%=%.x) help2man \
+	$(NO_INSTALL_PROGS_DEFAULT:%=%.1)
 MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(dist_man1_MANS)
 
 # Depend on ../.version to get version number changes.
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ printf.1:	$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/printf.x	../src/printf.c
 ptx.1:		$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/ptx.x		../src/ptx.c
 pwd.1:		$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/pwd.x		../src/pwd.c
 readlink.1:	$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/readlink.x	../src/readlink.c
+realpath.1:	$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/realpath.x	../src/realpath.c
 rm.1:		$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/rm.x		../src/rm.c
 rmdir.1:	$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/rmdir.x	../src/rmdir.c
 runcon.1:	$(common_dep)	$(srcdir)/runcon.x	../src/runcon.c
@@ -141,12 +143,12 @@ $(MAN): $(top_srcdir)/src/system.h
 SUFFIXES = .x .1
 
 # Ensure that help2man runs the ../src/ginstall binary as
-# `install' when creating install.1.
+# 'install' when creating install.1.
 # Similarly, ensure that it uses the ../src/[ binary to create test.1.
 t = $*.td
 mapped_name = `echo $*|sed 's/^install$$/ginstall/; s/^test$$/[/'`
 
-# Note the use of $t/$*, rather than just `$*' as in other packages.
+# Note the use of $t/$*, rather than just '$*' as in other packages.
 # That is necessary to avoid failures for programs that are also shell built-in
 # functions like echo, false, printf, pwd.
 .x.1:

man/chmod.x

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2001, 2006-2007, 2009-2011 Free Software
-'\" Foundation, Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/chown.x

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2001, 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation,
-'\" Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/df.x

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2004, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/du.x

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2000, 2002, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/help2man

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
 
 # Generate a short man page from --help and --version output.
-# Copyright (C) 1997-2004, 2008-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 1997-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
 EOT
 
 my $help_info = sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_program;
-`%s' generates a man page out of `--help' and `--version' output.
+'%s' generates a man page out of '--help' and '--version' output.
 
 Usage: %s [OPTION]... EXECUTABLE
 
@@ -81,15 +81,15 @@ Usage: %s [OPTION]... EXECUTABLE
  -m, --manual=TEXT       name of manual (User Commands, ...)
  -S, --source=TEXT       source of program (FSF, Debian, ...)
  -L, --locale=STRING     select locale (default "C")
- -i, --include=FILE      include material from `FILE'
- -I, --opt-include=FILE  include material from `FILE' if it exists
- -o, --output=FILE       send output to `FILE'
+ -i, --include=FILE      include material from 'FILE'
+ -I, --opt-include=FILE  include material from 'FILE' if it exists
+ -o, --output=FILE       send output to 'FILE'
  -p, --info-page=TEXT    name of Texinfo manual
  -N, --no-info           suppress pointer to Texinfo manual
      --help              print this help, then exit
      --version           print version number, then exit
 
-EXECUTABLE should accept `--help' and `--version' options although
+EXECUTABLE should accept '--help' and '--version' options although
 alternatives may be specified using:
 
  -h, --help-option=STRING     help option string
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ while (@opt_include)
     my ($inc, $required) = @{shift @opt_include};
 
     next unless -f $inc or $required;
-    kark N_("%s: can't open `%s' (%s)"), $this_program, $inc, $!
+    kark N_("%s: can't open '%s' (%s)"), $this_program, $inc, $!
 	unless open INC, $inc;
 
     my $key;
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ while (@opt_include)
 
     close INC;
 
-    kark N_("%s: no valid information found in `%s'"), $this_program, $inc
+    kark N_("%s: no valid information found in '%s'"), $this_program, $inc
 	unless $key;
 }
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ for my $hash (\(%include, %append))
 # Grab help and version info from executable.
 my ($help_text, $version_text) = map {
     join '', map { s/ +$//; expand $_ } `$ARGV[0] $_ 2>/dev/null`
-	or kark N_("%s: can't get `%s' info from %s"), $this_program,
+	or kark N_("%s: can't get '%s' info from %s"), $this_program,
 	    $_, $ARGV[0]
 } $help_option, $version_option;
 
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ if ($opt_output)
 #   <program> ({GNU,Free} <package>) <version>
 #   <program> - {GNU,Free} <package> <version>
 #
-# and seperated from any copyright/author details by a blank line.
+# and separated from any copyright/author details by a blank line.
 
 ($_, $version_text) = split /\n+/, $version_text, 2;
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ else
 
 $program =~ s!.*/!!;
 
-# No info for `info' itself.
+# No info for 'info' itself.
 $opt_no_info = 1 if $program eq 'info';
 
 for ($include{_('NAME')})

man/realpath.x

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[NAME]
+realpath \- print the resolved path
+[DESCRIPTION]
+.\" Add any additional description here
+[SEE ALSO]
+readlink(1), readlink(2), realpath(3)

man/rm.x

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 1998-1999, 2001, 2003-2004, 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software
-'\" Foundation, Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/stdbuf.x

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-'\" Copyright (C) 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+'\" Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 '\"
 '\" This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms
 '\" of the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

man/timeout.x

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ timeout \- run a command with a time limit
 .\" Add any additional description here
 [SEE ALSO]
 kill(1)
+[BUGS]
+Some platforms don't curently support timeouts beyond 2038

old/fileutils/ChangeLog

@@ -8390,7 +8390,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1998-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

old/fileutils/ChangeLog-1997

@@ -2542,7 +2542,7 @@ Thu Feb 15 23:08:41 1996  Jim Meyering  (meyering@na-net.ornl.gov)
 Mon Feb 12 23:23:25 1996  Jim Meyering  (meyering@na-net.ornl.gov)
 
 	* configure.in (LIBOBJS): Split assignment into two statements to
-	accomodate automake-0.29 buglet.
+	accommodate automake-0.29 buglet.
 
 	Update for automake-0.29.
 	* Makefile.am (CONFIG_HEADER): Don't define.  Automake now does it.
@@ -6158,8 +6158,7 @@ Mon Feb  5 17:29:20 1990  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at albert.ai.mit.edu)
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
-	Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1990-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

old/fileutils/NEWS

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 * Any time style can be preceded by "posix-"; this causes "ls" to
   use traditional timestamp format when in the POSIX locale.
 * The default time style is now posix-long-iso instead of posix-iso.
-  Set TIME_STYLE="posix-iso" to revert to the behavior of 4.1.1 thru 4.1.9.
+  Set TIME_STYLE="posix-iso" to revert to the behavior of 4.1.1 through 4.1.9.
 * `rm dangling-symlink' doesn't prompt [introduced in 4.1.9]
 * stat: remove support for --secure/-s option and related %S and %C format specs
 * stat: rename --link/-l to --dereference/-L.
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ Major changes in release 3.3:
 
 ========================================================================
 
-Copyright (C) 1992-2003, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1992-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or

old/sh-utils/ChangeLog

@@ -4858,8 +4858,7 @@ Thu Nov 17 23:47:26 1994  Jim Meyering  (meyering@comco.com)
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1994-1997, 1999-2002, 2006, 2010-2011 Free Software
-	Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1994-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

old/sh-utils/ChangeLog.0

@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ Mon Aug 01 21:58:14 1994  Jim Meyering  (meyering@comco.com)
 	* date.1: Correct the documentation, too.
 
 	* date.c (main, show_date): For -u, use gmtime instead of relying on
-	localtime's ability to interpret the TZ enviroment variable.
+	localtime's ability to interpret the TZ environment variable.
 	`date -u' failed (by reporting local time) on romp-ibm-bsd and PCs
 	(DOS and OS/2) running emx 0.8h.  From R. Bernstein
 	<rocky@watson.ibm.com>.
@@ -1362,7 +1362,7 @@ Mon Jul 22 15:21:21 1991  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at wookumz.gnu.ai.mit.edu)
 
 	* stty.c: Use tcflag_t for termios bitmasks.
 	Use speed_t for speeds.  Use unsigned long for baud rates to
-	accomodate large values, and support 57600 and 115200 if available.
+	accommodate large values, and support 57600 and 115200 if available.
 
 	* date.c, configure: Instead of SIZE_T_MISSING,
 	define size_t if it's missing.
@@ -1706,7 +1706,7 @@ Sat Oct 28 13:20:43 1989  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at spiff)
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1989-1994, 2010-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1989-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

old/sh-utils/NEWS

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ Major changes in release 1.7:
 
 ========================================================================
 
-Copyright (C) 1992-2003, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1992-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or

old/textutils/ChangeLog

@@ -4869,7 +4869,7 @@ Fri Dec 27 17:29:02 1996  Jim Meyering  <meyering@na-net.ornl.gov>
 	this time with duplicates removed.
 
 	* src/pr.c (usage): Break long string literal into two separate
-	printf statements to accomodate default maximum of 2048 characters
+	printf statements to accommodate default maximum of 2048 characters
 	for Irix-4.0.5.  Reported by Kaveh Ghazi.
 
 	* Makefile.am (aclocal.m4): No longer depend on acinclude.m4.
@@ -5203,7 +5203,7 @@ Fri Oct  4 07:20:37 1996  Jim Meyering  <meyering@na-net.ornl.gov>
 	(PACKAGE_VERSION): Remove now-unused variable.
 
 	* lib/long-options.c (parse_long_options): Separate package name
-	and version number to accomodate new --version output requirement.
+	and version number to accommodate new --version output requirement.
 	* lib/long-options.h: Update prototype.
 
 Thu Oct  3 23:27:31 1996  Jim Meyering  <meyering@na-net.ornl.gov>
@@ -5245,7 +5245,7 @@ Thu Sep 26 21:02:54 1996  Jim Meyering  <meyering@na-net.ornl.gov>
 	removed soon.  Using this option can provoke a memory access
 	violation on some systems because of (unavoidable in an efficient
 	implementation) alignment assumptions made by functions in md5.c.
-	md5sum.c could leave the option in and accomodate the alignment
+	md5sum.c could leave the option in and accommodate the alignment
 	restriction, but this option was intended solely for testing, and
 	the tests are now all file-oriented, so it's not necessary.
 
@@ -8697,7 +8697,7 @@ Tue Feb 20 17:09:19 1990  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at albert.ai.mit.edu)
 Sat Feb 10 02:16:40 1990  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at albert.ai.mit.edu)
 
 	* cmp.c (cmp): Rename `r' to `first_diff', and `x' to `smaller'.
-	Remove unneccessary variable `c1'.  If -l was given, increase
+	Remove unnecessary variable `c1'.  If -l was given, increase
 	`char_number' by the number of bytes read, after producing output,
 	rather than by the offset of the first differing bytes, before
 	producing output.
@@ -8745,7 +8745,7 @@ Sat Dec 16 15:15:50 1989  David J. MacKenzie  (djm at hobbes.ai.mit.edu)
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 1998-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice

old/textutils/NEWS

@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ Major changes in release 1.4:
 
 ========================================================================
 
-Copyright (C) 1992-2002, 2006, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright (C) 1992-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or

po/ChangeLog-2007

@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
 
 	-----
 
-	Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+	Copyright (C) 2002-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 	Copying and distribution of this file, with or without
 	modification, are permitted provided the copyright notice